Sutra 45

Devanagari script

सतोऽर्थस्य विप्रतिपत्तिरसतश्चार्जनमप्रतिभुक्तनाशो मूत्रपुरीषधारणबुभुक्षादिभिश्च व्याधिलाभ इति द्यूतदोषाः ॥ कZ_०८.३.४५ ॥

Transliteration

sato 'rthasya vipratipattir asataś cārjanam apratibhuktanāśo mūtrapurīṣadhāraṇabubhukṣādibhiś ca vyādhilābha iti dyūtadoṣāḥ

Translation

These are the defects of gambling: loss or mismanagement of existing wealth; acquisition of wealth by improper means; destruction of what is not even enjoyed; and the gaining of illnesses due to holding in urine and feces, hunger, and similar strain.

Word by Word

• सतः: of existing/legitimate (wealth)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सत्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं); ‘सत्’ = विद्यमान/उपार्जित (धन)

• अर्थस्य: of wealth/property
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं)

• विप्रतिपत्तिः: loss/ruin (misfortune)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि + प्रति + √पद् (गत्यर्थे) / प्रतिपत्ति (noun)
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (स्त्री)

• असतः: of non-existing/illegitimate (wealth)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: असत्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अर्जनम्: acquisition/earning
• Type: Noun (verbal noun)
• Root: √अर्ज् (अर्जने)
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (नपुं); कृदन्त-भाववाचक (अर्जन)

• अप्रतिभुक्तनाशः: loss of what has not been enjoyed/used
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अ + प्रति + √भुज् (भोगे) + नाश
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); ‘अप्रतिभुक्त’ = अभुक्त/अनुभुक्त, ‘नाश’ = विनाश

• मूत्रपुरीषधारणबुभुक्षादिभिः: by retention of urine and feces, hunger, and the like
• Type: Noun (compound, instrumental plural)
• Root: मूत्र + पुरीष + धारण + बुभुक्षा + आदि
• Form: तृतीया-बहुवचनम् (नपुं/पुं-समाहार); ‘…आदिभिः’ = ‘etc.’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• व्याधिलाभः: acquisition/incurrence of disease
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: व्याधि + लाभ
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); व्याधेः लाभः

• इति: thus
• Type: Particle/Quotative
• Root: इति
• Form: उद्धरण/समापन-अव्यय

• द्यूतदोषाः: the faults/demerits of gambling
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: द्यूत + दोष
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (पुं); द्यूतस्य दोषाः

More Details

FAQs

What are the main policy-relevant harms listed for gambling?

Fiscal ruin (loss of capital), criminalized income-seeking (improper acquisition), wasteful dissipation, and health deterioration—each increasing state enforcement and welfare burdens.

How do these harms connect to state capacity?

They reduce household solvency and labor productivity while increasing disputes and crime, forcing higher administrative and policing effort.