Sutra 41

Devanagari script

मित्रं नित्यमवश्यं तद्दुर्गाटव्यपसारि च ॥ कZ_०७.९.४१च्द् ॥

Transliteration

mitraṃ nityam avaśyaṃ tad durgāṭavī-apasāri ca

Translation

A permanent ally is indispensable; and he also serves to clear/remove threats relating to forts and forest tracts (frontiers).

Word by Word

• मित्रम्: an ally; a friend (political ally)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; (सन्दर्भे) कर्तृ/कर्म-स्थानम्

• नित्यम्: always; constantly
• Type: Adjective/Adverb
• Root: नित्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् ‘सदा’ अर्थे

• अवश्यम्: necessarily; certainly; indispensably
• Type: Adverb
• Root: अवश्य
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयेन/अनिवार्यतया

• तत्: that (one/thing)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘that’ (पूर्वोक्तस्य निर्देशः)

• दुर्गाटव्यपसारि: one that can ward off/drive away (dangers) from forts and forests (i.e., a protective ally)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपसृ (अप + सृ)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘दुर्ग’ + ‘आटवी’ (द्वन्द्व-समाहारः) + ‘अपसारि’ (कृदन्त, वर्तमानकालिक-विशेषण, शतृ/णिनि-प्रायः) — ‘(यत्) दुर्गं च आटवीं च अपसारयति/अपसारयितुं समर्थम्’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

Entities Mentioned

• nitya-mitra
• durga (fort)
• āṭavī (forest/frontier)

More Details

FAQs

What practical state function does the ‘nitya’ ally provide here?

Security support for fortified zones and forest/frontier regions—helping remove dangers, obstacles, or hostile elements there.

What is the niti principle?

Treat durable allies as part of the security architecture, especially for frontier and hard-terrain threat management.