Sutra 4
Devanagari script
तेषां ज्यायसोऽधिकेनांशेन समात्समेन हीनाद्द् हीनेनेति समसंधिः ॥ कZ_०७.७.०४ ॥
Transliteration
teṣāṃ jyāyaso'dhikenāṃśena samātsamena hīnādd hīneneti samasaṃdhiḥ
Translation
Among them, an ‘equal treaty’ (sama-saṃdhi) is: with a superior, by granting a larger share; with an equal, by an equal share; with an inferior, by a smaller share.
Word by Word
तेषाम्of those (shares/parts)
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formषष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Gen. pl.), पुं./नपुं. (contextual)
ज्यायसःof the larger (share)
ज्यायसः:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्यायस् (comparative of गुरु/ज्येष्ठ)
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम् (Gen. sg.), पुं./नपुं.; ‘of the larger/greater (one)’
अधिकेनby an excess (amount)
अधिकेन:
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिक
Formतृतीया-एकवचनम् (Instr. sg.), पुं./नपुं.; ‘by/with an excess (amount)’
अंशेनby a share/portion
अंशेन:
TypeNoun
Rootअंश
Formतृतीया-एकवचनम् (Instr. sg.), पुं.; ‘by a part/share’
समात्from the equal (share)
समात्:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसम
Formपञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (Abl. sg.), पुं./नपुं.; ‘from the equal (share)’
समेनby an equal (amount/share)
समेन:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसम
Formतृतीया-एकवचनम् (Instr. sg.), पुं./नपुं.; ‘by the equal (amount/share)’
हीनात्from the lesser/deficient (share)
हीनात्:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootहीन
Formपञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (Abl. sg.), पुं./नपुं.; ‘from the deficient (share)’
हीनेनby a lesser/deficient (amount/share)
हीनेन:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootहीन
Formतृतीया-एकवचनम् (Instr. sg.), पुं./नपुं.; ‘by the deficient (amount/share)’
इतिthus
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
Formनिपातः; quotation/closure marker
समसन्धिः(this is) the ‘equal junction/combination’ (rule)
समसन्धिः:
TypeNoun
Rootसम + सन्धि
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nom. sg.), पुं.; definition term
Entities Mentioned
S
superior powerE
equal powerI
inferior powerFAQs
Because ‘equality’ here means stability appropriate to relative power: the distribution is calibrated so the agreement is sustainable given the power ratio.