Sutra 13
Devanagari script
संहितश्चेत्परप्रकृतयो लुब्धक्षीणापचरिताः प्रत्यादानभयाद्वा नोपगच्छन्ति इति पश्येद्द् हीनोऽपि विगृह्णीयात् ॥ कZ_०७.३.१३ ॥
Transliteration
saṃhitaś cet paraprakṛtayo lubdhakṣīṇāpacaritāḥ pratyādānabhayād vā nopagacchanti iti paśyed hīno'pi vigṛhṇīyāt
Translation
If, while at peace, he observes that the rival’s constituents are greedy, depleted, or alienated—and that, from fear of reprisals or confiscation, they will not come over—then even if inferior he should choose hostility/war (vigraha).
Word by Word
संहितः(one who is) in alliance / having concluded a treaty
संहितः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootसम्-धा (सं-धा)
Formकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘संहित’ = संधि/समाधान/मेल-मिलाप में स्थित
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeParticle
Rootचेत्
Formशर्तसूचक अव्यय
पर-प्रकृतयःthe other side’s (enemy’s) state-elements / constituents
पर-प्रकृतयः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-बहुवचन; परस्य प्रकृतयः
लुब्ध-क्षीण-अपचरिताः(having become) greedy, weakened, and estranged/turned away
लुब्ध-क्षीण-अपचरिताः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootअप-चर्
Formकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘अपचरित’ = अपचरित/विपथगामी/विचलित; पूर्वपद-विशेषण: लुब्ध (लोभी), क्षीण (क्षीण/दुर्बल)
प्रत्यादान-भयात्from fear of being made to give back / of retraction (of what was granted)
प्रत्यादान-भयात्:
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग ‘भय’ (प्रयोगानुसार), पञ्चमी-एकवचन; प्रत्यादानस्य भयात्
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय
नnot
न:
TypeParticle
Rootन
Formनिषेध
उपगच्छन्तिthey approach / join / come over
उपगच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formइत्यादि-समाप्तिसूचक
पश्येत्he should observe/consider
पश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formविधिलिङ्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; (राजा/विजिगीषुः)
हीनःinferior / weaker
हीनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘हीन’ = न्यून/दुर्बल
अपिeven (though)
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formसमुच्चय/अपवाद/अपेक्षार्थक; यहाँ ‘even though’
विगृह्णीयात्he should undertake hostility / wage war
विगृह्णीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ग्रह्
Formविधिलिङ्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘विग्रह’ = युद्ध/वैर
Entities Mentioned
P
paraprakṛti (enemy constituents)W
weaker king/stateFAQs
Because the opponent’s internal base is already compromised; the weaker side can exploit brittleness through pressure, raids, and political operations even without parity in open battle.