Sutra 5
Devanagari script
द्वैधीभूतो हि स्वकर्मप्रधान आत्मन एवोपकरोति संश्रितस्तु परस्योपकरोति नात्मनः ॥ कZ_०७.२.०५ ॥
Transliteration
dvaidhībhūto hi svakarmapradhāna ātmana evopakaroti saṃśritas tu parasyopakaroti nātmanaḥ
Translation
For one who follows a dual policy, his own actions remain primary and thus he benefits himself; but one who has taken shelter benefits another, not himself.
Word by Word
द्वैधीभूतःhaving become double/duplicated; being in a divided (twofold) state
द्वैधीभूतः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootद्वैधी-भू
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), ‘द्वैधीभू’ (द्वैधीभावं गतः)
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपात (हेतौ/समर्थने)
स्वकर्मप्रधानःone who gives primacy to his own task/duty
स्वकर्मप्रधानः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व + कर्मन् + प्रधान
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘स्वकर्मणः प्रधानः’ = one whose own duty/work is primary
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (genitive)
एवonly; just
एव:
TypeParticle
Rootएव
Formअव्यय (अवधारण)
उपकरोतिhelps; renders service/benefit
उपकरोति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√कृ
Formलट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
संश्रितःone who has taken refuge (with someone); a dependent
संश्रितः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootसम्-√श्रि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) = one who has taken refuge/attached himself
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formअव्यय (विरोध/भेद)
परस्यof another; of someone else
परस्य:
TypePronoun/Adjective used substantively
Rootपर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (genitive)
उपकरोतिhelps; benefits
उपकरोति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√कृ
Formलट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (repeated)
नnot
न:
TypeNegation
Rootन
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (genitive)
Entities Mentioned
S
saṃśrita (dependent king)P
para (protector/other king)FAQs
Principal–agent problem: the sheltered king becomes an agent whose actions increasingly serve the protector (principal), eroding his own interests.