Sutra 1

Devanagari script

सवर्णामप्राप्तफलां प्रकुर्वतो हस्तवधः चतुःशतो वा दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.१२.०१ ॥

Transliteration

savarṇām aprāptaphalāṃ prakurvato hastavadhaḥ catuḥśato vā daṇḍaḥ

Translation

For one who violates a woman of the same social class who has not attained sexual maturity, the penalty is amputation of the hand, or a fine of 400 (paṇas).

Word by Word

• सवर्णाम्: of the same caste/varna (a woman of the same varna)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सवर्ण (प्रा.)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विशेषण (अप्राप्तफलाम् इत्यस्य)

• अप्राप्तफलाम्: a woman who has not obtained the ‘fruit’ (i.e., not pregnant / not having conceived)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-प्राप्त-फल (प्रा.)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विशेषण (सवर्णाम् इत्यस्य)

• प्रकुर्वतः: of one who commits (the act)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: प्र + कृ
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-एकवचन; ‘प्रकुर्वत्’ = doing/committing; (जनस्य) ‘of one who commits’

• हस्तवधः: cutting off of the hand (hand-amputation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्त + वध
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; दण्ड-रूपः (अङ्गच्छेद/अङ्गवध)

• च: or/and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• चतुःशतः: four hundred
• Type: Numeral (adjective)
• Root: चतुःशत (संख्या)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘दण्डः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• वा: or (alternatively)
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय

• दण्डः: a fine/penalty
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; दण्डविधानम्

Entities Mentioned

• female minor (aprāptaphalā)
• offender
• varṇa/status category

More Details

FAQs

What does ‘aprāptaphalā’ indicate administratively in this context?

It functions as a legal threshold marker (sexual immaturity/minority), triggering heightened protection and a stricter penalty regime.