Sutra 63

Devanagari script

तेषामयःशूलेन यावतः पणानभिवदेयुस्तावन्तः शिफाप्रहारा दण्डाः ॥ कZ_०४.१.६३ ॥

Transliteration

teṣāmayaḥśūlena yāvataḥ paṇānabhivadeyustāvantaḥ śiphāprahārā daṇḍāḥ

Translation

If they demand money by intimidation with an iron spike/spear, the punishment is as many blows on the buttocks as the number of paṇas demanded.

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them (i.e., of those offenders)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Gen. pl.), सर्वनाम

• अयः-शूलेन: with an iron spike/rod
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयस् + शूल
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनम् (Instr. sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (contextual); समस्तपदम्

• यावतः: as many (as)
• Type: Pronoun/Quantifier
• Root: यावत्
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (Nom. pl.), पुंलिङ्ग; यावद्-तावद्-सम्बन्धे ‘as many as’

• पणान्: paṇas (coins / monetary units)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण
• Form: द्वितीया-बहुवचनम् (Acc. pl.), पुंलिङ्ग

• अभिवदेयुः: they should declare/acknowledge
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि√वद्
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; ‘they should state/declare’

• तावन्तः: so many / that many
• Type: Pronoun/Quantifier
• Root: तावत्
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (Nom. pl.), पुंलिङ्ग; correlating with यावतः

• शिफा-प्रहाराः: blows with a śiphā (lash/strap)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिफा + प्रहार
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (Nom. pl.), पुंलिङ्ग; समस्तपदम्

• दण्डाः: (are) the punishments/penalties
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (Nom. pl.), पुंलिङ्ग; predicate noun

Entities Mentioned

• performers/mendicants (contextual)
• victims/citizens (implied)
• police/judges (implied)

More Details

FAQs

What principle of punishment design is visible in this rule?

Proportionality and deterrence: the penalty scales with the attempted extraction, discouraging larger demands and making enforcement straightforward.