Sutra 31
Devanagari script
धर्मविवाहात्कुमारी परिग्रहीतारमनाख्याय प्रोषितमश्रूयमाणं सप्त तीर्थान्याकाङ्क्षेत संवत्सरं श्रूयमाणम् ॥ कZ_०३.४.३१ ॥
Transliteration
dharmavivāhāt kumārī parigrahītāram anākhyāya proṣitam aśrūyamāṇaṃ sapta tīrthāny ākāṅkṣeta saṃvatsaraṃ śrūyamāṇam
Translation
A maiden married by a dharma-marriage, if the husband has gone away without notice: when he is unheard of, she should wait seven tīrthas; when news of him is being heard, she should wait one year.
Word by Word
धर्मविवाहात्from a lawful (dharma-sanctioned) marriage
धर्मविवाहात्:
TypeNoun
Rootविवाह (√वह्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; पञ्चमी (अपादान)
कुमारीthe maiden (unmarried girl)
कुमारी:
TypeNoun
Rootकुमारी
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा (कर्ता)
परिग्रहीतारम्the husband (the one who has taken her in marriage)
परिग्रहीतारम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपरिग्रहीतृ (pari-√ग्रह्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (कर्म)
अनाख्यायwithout informing (him/others)
अनाख्याय:
TypeVerb
Rootअन्-आ-√ख्या
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘not having informed/declared’
प्रोषितम्(when he is) away/absent
प्रोषितम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootप्र-√वस् (प्रोषित)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; ‘one who has gone away/been absent’
अश्रूयमाणम्not being heard from / with no news (of him)
अश्रूयमाणम्:
TypeParticiple
Root√श्रु (शृणोति)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्/मान); नकार-पूर्वक; पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; ‘not being heard of’
सप्तseven
सप्त:
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्त
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; (यहाँ) ‘तीर्थानि’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
तीर्थानिoath-places / sacred attestation places
तीर्थानि:
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; बहुवचन; द्वितीया (कर्म)
आकाङ्क्षेतshould wait/expect (i.e., observe a waiting period)
आकाङ्क्षेत:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√काङ्क्ष्
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ् (optative sense); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
संवत्सरम्for a year
संवत्सरम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (कालावधि-अत्यन्तसंयोग)
श्रूयमाणम्(when he is) being heard from / when news is received
श्रूयमाणम्:
TypeParticiple
Root√श्रु (शृणोति)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्/मान); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; ‘being heard of’
Entities Mentioned
K
kumārīP
parigrahītṛ (husband)FAQs
Because administrative adjudication needs an evidence threshold: confirmed reports justify longer waiting (preserving marriage), while no information triggers earlier relief to prevent indefinite legal limbo.