Sutra 19

Devanagari script

पुरुषमबन्धनीयं बध्नतो बन्धयतो बन्धं वा मोक्षयतो बालमप्राप्तव्यवहारं बध्नतो बन्धयतो वा सहस्रं दण्डः ॥ कZ_०३.२०.१९ ॥

Transliteration

puruṣamabandhanīyaṃ badhnato bandhayato bandhaṃ vā mokṣayato bālamaprāptavyavahāraṃ badhnato bandhayato vā sahasraṃ daṇḍaḥ

Translation

For detaining a person who is not legally liable to detention; for causing such detention; for releasing a detainee from custody; and for detaining (or causing the detention of) a minor not competent for legal transactions—the fine is 1,000 paṇas.

Word by Word

• पुरुषम्: a man/person
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन

• अबन्धनीयम्: one who should not be bound (not liable to be arrested/put in bonds)
• Type: Adjective (Kṛdanta)
• Root: बन्धनीय (√बन्ध्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; न-प्रत्ययेन निषेधः; -नीय (gerundive)

• बध्नतः: of one who binds/arrests
• Type: Verb (Participle)
• Root: √बन्ध्
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)

• बन्धयतः: of one who causes (someone) to bind/arrest
• Type: Verb (Causative participle)
• Root: √बन्ध् (णिच्)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ) causative; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन

• बन्धम्: bondage; confinement; arrest
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्ध
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय

• मोक्षयतः: of one who releases/causes to be released
• Type: Verb (Causative participle)
• Root: √मुच् (णिच्)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ) causative; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन

• बालम्: a child; minor
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: बाल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन

• अप्राप्तव्यवहारम्: one who has not attained legal capacity for litigation/transactions
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: व्यवहार (प्राप्त + व्यवहार)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; नञ् + प्राप्त + व्यवहार

• बध्नतः: of one who binds/arrests
• Type: Verb (Participle)
• Root: √बन्ध्
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन

• बन्धयतः: of one who causes to bind/arrest
• Type: Verb (Causative participle)
• Root: √बन्ध् (णिच्)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ) causative; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय

• सहस्रम्: a thousand (as the amount)
• Type: Numeral (Noun)
• Root: सहस्र
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन (दण्डस्य विशेषणम्/प्रमाणम्)

• दण्डः: the penalty; fine
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

Entities Mentioned

• police/custodial authority
• detainee
• minor

More Details

FAQs

Why is the fine so high compared to earlier verses?

Custody abuses and unauthorized releases directly undermine state authority and legal security, so the text uses strong deterrence.