Sutra 30
Devanagari script
पारुष्यस्तेयसंग्रहणेषु तु वैरिस्यालसहायवर्जाः ॥ कZ_०३.११.३० ॥
Transliteration
pāruṣyasteyasaṃgrahaṇeṣu tu vairisyālasahāyavarjāḥ
Translation
But in cases of assault, theft, and unlawful seizure/collection, witnesses must be free from enmity, collusion, and dependence as an ally/associate.
Word by Word
पारुष्यviolence/harsh assault; abusive or cruel act
पारुष्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपारुष्य (from परुष)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम (क्रूरता/कठोरता)
स्तेयtheft; stealing
स्तेय:
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेय (from √स्ते/स्ताय् ‘to steal’ > स्तेय)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम
संग्रहणेषुin cases of seizure/collection/apprehension
संग्रहणेषु:
TypeNoun
Rootसम्-√ग्रह्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; ‘संग्रहण’ = संग्रह/ग्रहण-स्थान/अवसर
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक
वैरिस्यof an enemy
वैरिस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवैरि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘वैरि’ = शत्रु
आलसहायan indolent helper/assistant
आलसहाय:
TypeNoun
Rootआलस + सहाय
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (समासपद); ‘आलसः सहायः’ = आलस-स्वभावः सहायकः
वर्जाःto be avoided; excluded
वर्जाः:
TypeAdjective (predicative)
Root√वृज्/वर्ज् (to avoid) > वर्ज्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘वर्ज’ (वर्ज्य) = त्याज्य/परिहर्तव्य
FAQs
For high-conflict offenses, exclude witnesses who are enemies, partisan confederates, or close associates of a party—because their testimony is predictably distorted.