Sutra 12
Devanagari script
हिंस्रिका निर्घातयेत् अमित्रविषयातिगाः पण्यपत्तनचारित्रोपघातिकाश्च ॥ कZ_०२.२८.१२ ॥
Transliteration
hiṃsrikā nirghātayet amitraviṣayātigāḥ paṇyapattanacāritropaghātikāśca
Translation
Predatory offenders should be suppressed: those who cross into enemy territory illicitly and those who disrupt the established routes and practices of trade and port-towns.
Word by Word
हिंस्रिकाःviolent offenders; assailants
हिंस्रिकाः:
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootहिंस्रिका (हिंस्र)
Formप्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, स्त्रीलिङ्ग (आ-प्रत्ययान्त); ‘हिंस्रिका’ = हिंस्र-स्वभावा स्त्रियः/जनाः (here: violent/assaulting persons)
निर्घातयेत्should strike down / eliminate
निर्घातयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्घातय् (नि + √घात्/√हन्; causative sense)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ्-भावे आज्ञार्थकः, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष-एकवचनम्; causative/denominative sense ‘to cause to be struck down’
अमित्र-विषय-अतिगाःthose who trespass into the enemy’s territory
अमित्र-विषय-अतिगाः:
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound, used substantively)
Rootअमित्र, विषय, अतिग (अति + √गम्)
Formप्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘अमित्रस्य विषयम् अतिगच्छन्ति’ इति—those who cross into the enemy’s territory
पण्य-पत्तन-चारित्र-उपघातिकाःthose who sabotage trade, port/market towns, and public order/morality
पण्य-पत्तन-चारित्र-उपघातिकाः:
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound, used substantively)
Rootपण्य, पत्तन, चारित्र, उपघातिक (उप + √हन्/घात)
Formप्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘पण्यं च पत्तनं च चारित्रं च (एतेषाम्) उपघातं कुर्वन्ति’—those who damage trade, ports/market-towns, and public conduct/order
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्
Entities Mentioned
P
predatory criminalsE
enemy territory (amitra-viṣaya)T
trade routesP
port-towns (pattana)FAQs
Both security threats (unauthorized movement linked to enemy contact) and economic threats (sabotage or disruption of trade-route norms and port operations).
Stable commercial customs reduce transaction costs and uncertainty; disrupting them harms revenue and public order.