Sutra 38
Devanagari script
खनिः स्रोतः प्रकीर्णकं च योनयः ॥ कZ_०२.११.३८ ॥
Transliteration
khaniḥ srotaḥ prakīrṇakaṃ ca yonayaḥ
Translation
The sources (of gems) are: mines, river-streams, and scattered deposits.
Word by Word
खनिःa mine; an excavation (for minerals)
खनिः:
TypeNoun
Rootखन् (खनन)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (नाम)
स्रोतःa stream; a water-source/channel
स्रोतः:
TypeNoun
Rootस्रु (स्रवण/प्रस्रवण)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (नाम)
प्रकीर्णकम्a scattered deposit; dispersed occurrence
प्रकीर्णकम्:
TypeNoun (adjectival substantive)
Rootकॄ (किरति) + प्र- (उपसर्ग)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; कृदन्त-निर्मित (प्र-√कॄ → प्रकीर्ण ‘scattered’), तद्धित/कृदन्त-प्रयोगः नामवत्
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
योनयःsources; origins (e.g., lodes/veins)
योनयः:
TypeNoun
Rootयु/योन (योनिः)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (नाम)
Entities Mentioned
K
khani (mine)S
srotas (river/stream)P
prakīrṇaka (scattered deposits)FAQs
By defining extraction contexts, it enables different rules for licensing, labor control, inspection, and revenue collection across mines, rivers, and surface finds.
They imply different enforcement problems: river collection needs patrol/seasonal rules; scattered deposits need land control and anti-theft measures.