Sutra 2

Devanagari script

उत्साहप्रभावयोरुत्साहः श्रेयान् ॥ कZ_०९.१.०२ ॥

Transliteration

utsāhaprabhāvayor utsāhaḥ śreyān

Translation

Between leadership energy (initiative, resolve) and material power, leadership energy is superior.

Word by Word

• उत्साह-प्रभावयोः: of (the two:) initiative/energy and influence/power
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्साह; प्रभाव
• Form: षष्ठी-द्विवचनम् (Genitive Dual); द्वन्द्वसमासः ‘उत्साह’ + ‘प्रभाव’ → ‘उत्साहप्रभाव’ ; तयोः = ‘of the two’

• उत्साहः: initiative; energetic effort
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्साह
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nominative Singular), पुल्लिङ्गः

• श्रेयान्: is better/superior
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेयस्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गः; ‘श्रेयस्’ (comparative: better) का रूप ‘श्रेयान्’

Entities Mentioned

• utsāha
• prabhāva

More Details

FAQs

What is the political science claim here?

Human agency—resolve, initiative, and disciplined action—can outweigh raw resources in determining state outcomes.