Adhyaya 19

Verse 1

इत्य् आदिमाहापुराणे आग्नेये जगत्सर्गवर्णनं नाम अष्टादशो ऽध्यायः अथोनविंशतितमो ऽध्यायः कश्यपवंशवर्णनम् अग्निर् उवाच कश्यपस्य वेदे सर्गमदित्यादिषु हे मुने चाक्षुषे तुषिता देवास्ते ऽदित्यां कश्यपात्पुनः

Thus, in the Agni Purāṇa—an original Mahāpurāṇa—the eighteenth chapter, called “Description of the Creation of the World,” is concluded. Now begins the nineteenth chapter, “Description of Kaśyapa’s Lineage.” Agni said: “O sage, in the account of Kaśyapa’s creation—among the Ādityas and others—during the Cākṣuṣa Manvantara, the gods known as the Tuṣitas were again born from Aditi through Kaśyapa.”

Verse 2

आसन् विष्णुश् च शक्रश् च त्वष्टा धाता तथार्यमा पूषा विवस्वान् सविता मित्रोथ वरुणो भगः

Present there were Viṣṇu and Śakra (Indra), as well as Tvaṣṭṛ, Dhātṛ, and likewise Aryaman; Pūṣan, Vivasvān, Savitṛ, and Mitra; and also Varuṇa and Bhaga.

Verse 3

अंशुश् च द्वादशादित्या आसन् वैवस्वतेन्तरे अरिष्टनेमिपत्रीनामपत्यानीह षोडश

And Aṃśu too was among them. In the Vaivasvata Manvantara there were twelve Ādityas; and here, the offspring of the wives of Ariṣṭanemi are sixteen in number.

Verse 4

बहुपुत्रस्थ विदुषश् चतस्रो विद्युतः सुताः प्रत्यङ्गिरजाः श्रेष्ठाः कृशाश्वस्य सुरायुधाः

From Bahuputra arose the learned sage. The four Vidyuts were his sons—born of the Pratyaṅgirā line, eminent and bearers of divine weapons—belonging to Kṛśāśva’s lineage.

Verse 5

उदयास्तमने सूर्ये तद्वदेते युगे युगे हिरण्यकशिपुर्दित्यां हिरण्याक्षश् च कश्यपात्

Just as the sun regularly rises and sets, so too, in every age—yuga after yuga—Hiraṇyakaśipu and Hiraṇyākṣa are born from Diti through Kaśyapa.

Verse 6

सप्तम इति ख ङ, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः स्मृता इति ग, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः सिंहिका चाभवत् कन्या विप्रचित्तेः परिग्रहः राहुप्रभृतयस्तस्यां सैंहिकेया इति श्रुताः

Siṃhikā was a maiden who became the consort (wife) of Vipracitti. From her were born Rāhu and others; in tradition they are known as the Saiṃhikeyas, the descendants of Siṃhikā. (The initial notes record variant manuscript readings.)

Verse 7

हिरण्यकशिपोः पुत्राश् चत्वारः प्रथितौजसः अनुह्रादश् च ह्रादश् च प्रह्रादश्चातिवैष्णवः

Hiraṇyakaśipu had four sons famed for their might—Anuhrāda, Hrāda, and Prahrāda, the last being an exceptionally devoted follower of Viṣṇu.

Verse 8

संह्रादश् च चतुर्थोभूत् ह्रादपुत्रो ह्रदस् तथा ह्रदस्य पुत्र आयुष्मान् शिबिर्वास्कल एव च

And Saṃhrāda was the fourth. From Hrāda was born Hradas; and Hradas’ sons were the fortunate Āyuṣmān, as well as Śibi and Vāskala.

Verse 9

विरोवनस्तु प्राह्रादिर्बलिर्जज्ञे विरोचनात् बलेः पुत्रशतं त्वासीद्वाणश्रेष्ठं महामुने

Virovana was the son of Prahlāda; and Bali was born from Virocana. Bali had a hundred sons—of whom Bāṇa was the foremost, O great sage.

Verse 10

पुराकल्पे हि बाणेन प्रसाद्योमापतिं वरः पार्श्वतो विहरिष्यामीत्येवम् प्राप्तश् च ईश्वरात्

Indeed, in a former aeon, Bāṇa—having propitiated Umāpati (Śiva, the Lord of Umā)—obtained from the Lord this boon: “I shall sport at your side.”

Verse 11

हिरण्याक्षसुताः पञ्च शम्बरः शकुनिस्त्विति द्विमूर्धा शङ्कुरार्यश् च शतमासन् दनोः सुताः

Five were the sons of Hiraṇyākṣa—Śambara, Śakuni, Dvimūrdhā, Śaṅku, and Arya; and Danu’s sons were a hundred in number.

Verse 12

स्वर्भानोस्तु प्रभा कन्या पुलोम्नस्तु शची स्मृता उपदानवी हयशिरा शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी

Prabhā is said to be the daughter of Svarbhānu; Śacī is remembered as (the daughter) of Puloman; and the names Upadānavī, Hayaśirā, Śarmiṣṭhā, and Vārṣaparvaṇī are also mentioned.

Verse 13

पुलोमा कालका चैव वैश्वानरसुते उभे कश्यपस्य तु भार्ये द्वे तयोः पुत्राश् च कोटयः

Pulomā and Kālakā—both daughters of Vaiśvānara—were two wives of Kaśyapa; and their sons were numbered in koṭis (crores).

Verse 14

प्रह्रादस्य चतुष्कोट्यो निवातकवचाः कुले ताम्रायाः षट् सुताः स्युश् च काकी श्वेनी च भास्यपि

In the lineage of Prahlāda were the Nivātakavacas, numbering four koṭis. And of Tāmra there were six sons—among them Kākī, Śvenī, and also Bhāsī.

Verse 15

गृध्रिका शुचि सुग्रीवा ताभ्यः काकादयो ऽभवन् अरः शकुनिस्त्वतीति ख, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः शक्निस्त्वथेति ङ, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः द्विमूर्धा शम्बराद्याश् च इति ख, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः गृध्रिका च शुचिग्रीवो इति ख, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः गृध्रिकाशुचिसुग्रीवो इति ग, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः अश्वाश्चोष्ट्राश् च ताम्राया अरुणो गरुडस् तथा

From Gṛdhrikā, Śuci, and Sugrīvā were born the crow and other birds. (According to one recension) Ara and Śakuni are also named. From Tāmrā were born horses and camels; and likewise Aruṇa and Garuḍa.

Verse 16

विनतायाः सहस्रन्तु सर्पाश् च सुरसाभवाः काद्रवेयाः सहस्रन्तु शेषवासुकितक्षकाः

From Vinatā were born a thousand serpents, and from Surasā as well. From Kadrū, a thousand (serpents) were born—among them Śeṣa, Vāsuki, and Takṣaka.

Verse 17

दंष्ट्रिणः क्रोधवशजा धरोत्थाः पक्षिणो जले सुरभ्यां गोमहिष्यादि इरोत्पन्नास्तृणादयः

Fanged creatures arise from wrath; those born of the earth are terrestrial; birds arise in the waters; from Surabhī come cows, buffaloes, and the like; and from milk (īrā) arise grasses and other plants.

Verse 18

स्वसायां यक्षरक्षांसि मुनेरश्वरसोभवन् अरिष्टायान्तु गन्धर्वाः कश्यपाद्धि स्थिरञ्चरं

From Svāsā were born the Yakṣas and the Rākṣasas; from the sage’s Aśvarasā were born other beings. But from Ariṣṭā were born the Gandharvas. Indeed, from Kaśyapa issued forth all that is stationary and moving.

Verse 19

एषां पुत्रादयो ऽसङ्ख्या देवैर् वै दानवा जिताः दितिर्विनष्टपुत्रा वै तोषयामास कश्यपं

Their sons and other descendants were countless; yet the Dānavas were indeed defeated by the gods. Diti, having lost her sons, then sought to please Kaśyapa.

Verse 20

पुत्रमिन्द्रप्रहर्तारमिच्छती प्राप कश्यपात् पादाप्रक्षालनात् सुप्ता तस्या गर्भं जघान ह

Desiring a son who would strike down Indra, she conceived by Kaśyapa; and when she fell asleep—because of washing (his) feet—Indra indeed destroyed her embryo.

Verse 21

छिद्रमन्विष्य चेन्द्रस्तु ते देवा मरुतो ऽभवन् शक्रस्यैकोनपञ्चाशत्सहाया दीप्ततेजसः

But Indra, having searched for a vulnerable opening, caused those gods to become the Maruts—forty-nine brilliant allies of Śakra.

Verse 22

एतत्सर्वं हरिर्ब्रह्मा अभिषिच्य पृथुं नृपं ददौ क्रमेण राज्यानि अन्येषामधिपो हरिः

Having consecrated King Pṛthu, Hari—together with Brahmā—then duly allotted the kingdoms in proper order; and Hari remained the overlord of the others.

Verse 23

द्विजौषधीनां चन्द्रश् च अपान्तु वरुणो नृपः राज्ञां वैश्रवणो राजा सूर्याणां विष्णोरीश्वरः

Over the twice-born and over medicinal herbs, the Moon presides; over the waters, King Varuṇa. Over kings, King Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) rules; and over the suns, Viṣṇu is the supreme Lord.

Verse 24

वसूनां पावको राजा मरुतां वासवः प्रभुः प्रजापतीनां दक्षो ऽथ प्रह्लादो दानवाधिपः

Among the Vasus, Pāvaka (Agni) is the king; among the Maruts, Vāsava (Indra) is the lord; among the Prajāpatis, Dakṣa (is foremost); and then Prahlāda is the overlord of the Dānavas.

Verse 25

पितॄणां च यमो राजा भूतादीनां हरः प्रभुः हिमवांश् चैव शैलानां नदीनां सागरः प्रभुः

Yama is the king of the Pitṛs (ancestral manes); Hara (Śiva) is the sovereign lord of beings and the like. Himavān is indeed the chief among mountains; and the Ocean is the lord of rivers.

Verse 26

धरण्या इति ख, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः कश्यपादि परस्परमिति ख, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः देवैर् दाइत्याः पराजिता इति ख, चिह्नितपुस्तकपाठः भूतानाञ्च हर इति ग, ङ, चिह्नितपुस्तकद्वयपाठः गान्धर्वाणां चित्ररथो नागानामथ वासुकिः सर्पाणां तक्षको राजा गरुडः पक्षिणामथ

Among the Gandharvas, Citraratha is the chief; among the Nāgas, Vāsuki; among serpents, King Takṣaka; and among birds, Garuḍa.

Verse 27

ऐरावतो गजेन्द्राणां गोवृषोथ गवामपि मृगणामथ शार्दूलः प्लक्षो वनस्पतीश्वरः

Among the lordly elephants, Airāvata is foremost; among cattle, the bull is foremost; among wild beasts, the tiger is foremost; and among trees, the plakṣa is the sovereign of plants.

Verse 28

उच्चैःश्रवास् तथाश्वानां सुधन्वा पूर्वपालकः दक्षिणस्यां शङ्खपदः केतुमान् पालको जले हिरण्यरोमकः सौम्ये प्रतिसर्गोयमीरितः

Among horses, Uccaiḥśravas is named; Sudhanvā is the guardian of the eastern quarter; in the southern quarter is Śaṅkhapada; Ketumān is the guardian in the waters; and Hiraṇyaromaka is the guardian in the northern (Saumya) direction—thus this account of pratisarga (secondary creation) is declared.