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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 46

Devanagari script

चत्वार्यत्र प्रकृष्टानि मुख्यतीर्थानि पार्थिव । येषु स्नाने कृते राजञ्छ्राद्धे च तदनंतरम् । सर्वेषामेव तीर्थानां स्नानजं लभ्यते फलम्

Transliteration

catvāryatra prakṛṣṭāni mukhyatīrthāni pārthiva | yeṣu snāne kṛte rājañchrāddhe ca tadanaṃtaram | sarveṣāmeva tīrthānāṃ snānajaṃ labhyate phalam

Translation

O König, hier gibt es vier höchst vortreffliche Haupt-Tīrthas. Wenn man in ihnen badet und unmittelbar danach das Śrāddha vollzieht, erlangt man die aus dem Baden stammende Frucht aller Tīrthas ohne Ausnahme.

Word by Word
चत्वारिfour
चत्वारि:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)
प्रकृष्टानिexcellent
प्रकृष्टानि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-विशेषण)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying चत्वारि/तीर्थानि)
मुख्यतीर्थानिprincipal sacred fords
मुख्यतीर्थानि:
Apposition (to चत्वारि)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख्य + तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः कर्मधारय (मुख्यानि तीर्थानि)
पार्थिवO king
पार्थिव:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
येषुin which (places)
येषु:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन
स्नानेin bathing
स्नाने:
Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन
कृतेwhen (it is) done
कृते:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Circumstantial)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
श्राद्धेin śrāddha (rite)
श्राद्धे:
Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
तत्then
तत्:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययप्रयोग (adverbial ‘then/thereafter’)
अनन्तरम्immediately after
अनन्तरम्:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (कालवाचक/adverb of time)
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Shashthi-sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; विशेषण (तीर्थानाम्)
एवindeed
एव:
Nipata (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
तीर्थानाम्of (all) sacred places
तीर्थानाम्:
Shashthi-sambandha (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन
स्नानजम्born of bathing (bathing-derived)
स्नानजम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्नान + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुष (स्नानात् जातम्)
लभ्यतेis obtained
लभ्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootलभ् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)
फलम्fruit/result
फलम्:
Karta (Subject in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootफल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन
Speaker

Viśvāmitra (deduced from immediate context; dialogue with the King begins explicitly at 50)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Catur-mukhya-tīrtha (four principal tīrthas) of the described kṣetra

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: A king (rājendra/pārthiva)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A king is shown being instructed about four principal bathing spots; pilgrims bathe, then immediately perform śrāddha on the bank with darbha, piṇḍa, and water offerings.

Characters & Entities
V
Viśvāmitra
R
Rājā (King)
T
Tīrtha
Ś
Śrāddha

FAQs

Properly timed ritual action—bathing followed by śrāddha—concentrates tīrtha-merit and purifies one’s lineage.

A set of four ‘principal tīrthas’ located in the Nāgara Khaṇḍa’s Tīrthamāhātmya setting (named in subsequent verses).

Snāna (ritual bath) in the tīrtha(s), followed immediately by śrāddha (ancestral rite).

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