Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 14

Devanagari script

द्वितीयस्तु प्रवाहो यः संभ्रमा त्तस्य निर्गतः । सा च साभ्रमती नाम नदी जाता धरातले

Transliteration

dvitīyastu pravāho yaḥ saṃbhramā ttasya nirgataḥ | sā ca sābhramatī nāma nadī jātā dharātale

Translation

Doch der zweite Strom, der in plötzlicher Erregung aus ihr hervortrat, wurde auf Erden zum Fluss namens Sābhramatī.

Word by Word

• द्वितीयः: second
• द्वितीयः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वितीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Nominative singular (qualifying प्रवाहः)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/विरोध-भेद) — particle 'but/indeed'

• प्रवाहः: stream/flow
• प्रवाहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• यः: which
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — relative pronoun

• संभ्रमात्: from agitation/haste
• संभ्रमात्: Apadana (Source/Cause/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संभ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन — Ablative singular (from agitation/haste)

• तस्य: of him/of that
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Genitive singular

• निर्गतः: emerged/went out
• निर्गतः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्-√गम् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — past participle 'gone out/emerged'

• सा: she/that (river)
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — demonstrative pronoun

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय) — conjunction

• साभ्रमती: Sābhramatī (name)
• साभ्रमती: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साभ्रमती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — proper name

• नाम: named
• नाम: Sambandha (Naming marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (नामनिर्देशक) — indeclinable 'named/called'

• नदी: river
• नदी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Nominative singular (apposition)

• जाता: was born/arose
• जाता: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — past participle used predicatively

• धरातले: on the surface of the earth
• धरातले: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरा (प्रातिपदिक) + तल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन — Locative singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (धरायाः तलम्)

Speaker

Sūta (deduced from immediate chapter context; explicit in 174.1)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Sābhramatī-nadī

Type: sangam

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: brāhmaṇas/dvijas

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A second stream bursts forth in sudden agitation and settles into a defined river-course on earth, labeled ‘Sābhramatī’; the landscape shows hills feeding a river that becomes calm and navigable.

Characters & Entities

• Sābhramatī (river)
• Sarasvatī (context)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Divine narratives sacralize landscapes: the emergence and naming of a river marks it as worthy of remembrance, reverence, and pilgrimage.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The Śrīhāṭakeśvara-kṣetra milieu in Nāgara Khaṇḍa, where Sābhramatī’s origin is recounted as part of tīrtha-glorification.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None stated here; the verse establishes the river’s sacred identity and origin.