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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 72

Devanagari script

द्वौ पाकाविति निर्दिष्टौ प्रकारांश्चतुरः श्रृणु । ध्रुवमाहुस्त्रिकं काम्यं नैमित्तिकमिति क्रमात्

Transliteration

dvau pākāviti nirdiṣṭau prakārāṃścaturaḥ śrṛṇu | dhruvamāhustrikaṃ kāmyaṃ naimittikamiti kramāt

Translation

So sind die zwei „Reifungen“ bezeichnet; nun höre die vier Arten. Der Reihe nach werden gelehrt: dhruva (das Beständige), das Dreifache, kāmya (vom Wunsch bewegt) und naimittika (anlassbezogen).

Word by Word
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
पाकौmodes/results (pākas)
पाकौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपाक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक-निपात (quotative particle)
निर्दिष्टौhave been stated/indicated
निर्दिष्टौ:
Kriya (Predicative action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि: + दिश् (धातु) → निर्दिष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate participle)
प्रकारान्types, kinds
प्रकारान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (चतुरः = चतुरान्)
शृणुhear
शृणु:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन
ध्रुवम्the fixed (one), constant
ध्रुवम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootध्रुव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन
त्रिकम्the triad (threefold)
त्रिकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि + क (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
काम्यम्the desire-motivated (type)
काम्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
नैमित्तिकम्the occasional/causal (type)
नैमित्तिकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनैमित्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक-निपात
क्रमात्in order, successively
क्रमात्:
Adverbial (Manner/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे (adverbial ablative: in order/ क्रमशः)
Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) addressing the sages (deduced from Māheśvarakhaṇḍa context)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A teacher-figure enumerates four categories on palm-leaf or with hand gestures; behind, four small vignettes: building a tank (dhruva), daily alms (trika), desire-offering with ritual items (kāmya), and festival/occasion giving (naimittika).

FAQs

Charity is not one-dimensional; it is classified by motive and context, which shapes its spiritual quality and fruit.

No site is mentioned; the verse is a doctrinal categorization of dāna.

It introduces four categories of dāna (including kāmya and naimittika) to guide practice by intention and occasion.

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