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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 56

Devanagari script

अयशस्तमसा ख्यातिं मलिनीकृत्यभूरिशः । इहामुत्रापि सुखिनो न स्युर्भग्ना रणाजिरात्

Transliteration

ayaśastamasā khyātiṃ malinīkṛtyabhūriśaḥ | ihāmutrāpi sukhino na syurbhagnā raṇājirāt

Translation

O großer Herr, wer auf dem Schlachtfeld in die Flucht geschlagen wird und seinen Ruhm mit dem Dunkel der Schande befleckt, findet weder in dieser Welt noch in der jenseitigen Glück.

Word by Word
अयशस्तमसाby the darkness of ill-fame
अयशस्तमसा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअयशस् (प्रातिपदिक) + तमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/हेतु), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अयशसः तमसा = ‘अयशः-रूपेण तमसा’), Instrumental singular (by/with the darkness of ill-fame)
ख्यातिम्fame, reputation
ख्यातिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootख्याति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular
मलिनीकृत्यhaving defiled
मलिनीकृत्य:
Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootमलिनी√कृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘मलिनी-’ उपसर्ग/नामधातु-प्रयोग + √कृ; Absolutive: having made (it) dirty/defiled
अभूरिbecame
अभूरि:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलुङ् (अorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘became/was’
इशःthe lord
इशः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootईश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
इहhere
इह:
Desha-adhikarana (Locative sense/देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)
अमुत्रthere (in the other world)
अमुत्र:
Desha-adhikarana (Locative sense/देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअमुत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, निपात (particle: also/even)
सुखिनःhappy
सुखिनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural; विशेषण (qualifying implied ‘ते’)
नnot
न:
Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
स्युःwould be
स्युः:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘would be/might be’
भग्नाःdefeated, broken
भग्नाः:
Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभग्न (√भञ्ज् धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) used adjectivally
रणाजिरात्from the battlefield
रणाजिरात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootरणाजिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (रणः एव अजिरम् = रणाजिरम् ‘battlefield’); Ablative singular: from the battlefield
Speaker

Skanda (deduced: Kāśīkhaṇḍa commonly Skanda → Agastya)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A routed warrior retreats from a dust-darkened battlefield; a shadow (tamas) falls over his once-bright fame, while distant Kāśī’s luminous ghāṭas hint at redemption.

FAQs

Dharma upholds honor: surrendering to disgrace stains one’s fame and obstructs well-being in both worlds.

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse; it functions as a dharmic maxim within the Kāśī context.

None; the verse emphasizes ethical consequence (yaśas/ayaśas) rather than a rite.

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