Previous Verse
Next Verse

Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 46

पितृदेवमनुष्येभ्यो दत्त्वाश्नात्यमृतं गृही । अदत्त्वान्नं च यो भुंक्ते केवलं स्वोदरंभरिः

pitṛdevamanuṣyebhyo dattvāśnātyamṛtaṃ gṛhī | adattvānnaṃ ca yo bhuṃkte kevalaṃ svodaraṃbhariḥ

Nachdem er den Ahnen, den Devas und den Menschen gegeben hat, isst der Hausvater, was wie amṛta, Nektar, ist. Wer aber isst, ohne zuvor zu geben, ist nur einer, der seinen eigenen Bauch füllt.

पितृ-देव-मनुष्येभ्यःto the ancestors, gods, and humans
पितृ-देव-मनुष्येभ्यः:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक) + मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (to/from ancestors, gods, and humans)
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
Sambandha (Prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदा (धातु) → दत्त्वा (क्त्वान्त अव्यय)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया
अश्नातिeats
अश्नाति:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
अमृतम्nectar; (figuratively) merit/immortality
अमृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
गृहीhouseholder
गृही:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगृहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
अदत्त्वाwithout giving
अदत्त्वा:
Sambandha (Prior action - negated)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदा (धातु) → अदत्त्वा (नञ् + क्त्वान्त अव्यय)
Formनञ्-पूर्वक क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (negative gerund), अव्यय
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction), अव्यय
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
भुङ्क्तेeats/enjoys
भुङ्क्ते:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
केवलम्only
केवलम्:
Sambandha (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकेवल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणस्य अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial use)
स्व-उदरंभरिःone who fills only his own belly (selfish eater)
स्व-उदरंभरिः:
Pradhana (Predicate nominative/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + उदरंभरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थे (one who fills his own belly)

Deductive (sectional narration; likely Sūta speaking in a dharma-teaching passage)

Scene: A householder offers portions to a small fire/altar, pours water for ancestors, and serves a guest; then he eats calmly, depicted as receiving ‘amṛta’ (a subtle luminous aura over the food). In contrast, a secondary vignette shows a greedy eater alone, shadowed.

FAQs

Food becomes sanctified by sharing; eating after offering is dharmic, while eating without giving is selfishness.

No tīrtha is named; the verse teaches universal household ethics.

Offer portions to pitṛs, devas, and humans (including guests/beggars) before taking one’s own meal.