Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 16

Devanagari script

पराभवः कृतो येन सोऽद्य यातु यमालयम् । एवमुक्तास्तु कृष्णेन कथयामासुरस्य तत्

Transliteration

parābhavaḥ kṛto yena so'dya yātu yamālayam | evamuktāstu kṛṣṇena kathayāmāsurasya tat

Translation

„Der, durch den ihr gedemütigt wurdet, der gehe heute in Yamās Wohnstatt!“ So von Kṛṣṇa angesprochen, berichteten sie ihm daraufhin die Angelegenheit über den Dämon.

Word by Word

• पराभवः: defeat, humiliation
• पराभवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराभव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• कृतः: done, caused
• कृतः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) ‘कृत’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; पराभवस्य विशेषणम्

• येन: by whom
• येन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; संकेत/अन्वादेश सर्वनाम

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• यातु: let (him) go
• यातु: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• यमालयम्: abode of Yama
• यमालयम्: Gati/Karma (Destination/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम + आलय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; समास: यमस्य आलयः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (Manner/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: thus)

• उक्ताः: having been addressed
• उक्ताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘उक्त’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; (ते) उक्ताः

• तु: but, indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वयबोधक निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• कृष्णेन: by Krishna
• कृष्णेन: Karana (Agent/Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन

• कथयामासुः: they related, they told
• कथयामासुः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/पर्फेक्ट), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• अस्य: of him, his
• अस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; अन्वादेश सर्वनाम

• तत्: that (matter)
• तत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

Speaker

Śrī Vāsudeva/Kṛṣṇa (Viṣṇu) leading into Devas’ report

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā)

Type: river

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṛṣis/assembly (frame)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Kṛṣṇa speaks a decisive curse-like assurance—sending the humiliator to Yama—while the petitioners begin narrating the demon’s deeds.

Characters & Entities

• Kṛṣṇa (Viṣṇu)
• Yama
• Devas
• Asura (demon)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Adharma that humiliates the righteous invites swift divine justice; the Lord restores moral order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a narrative vow of protection and punishment of wrongdoing.