Mantra 4
Rishi: Ṛgvedic attribution (Indra-stotra milieu; exact r̥ṣi depends on the underlying Ṛg source)
Devata: Indra (probable, by diction of ‘śacī’ and ‘sakhā’ in common usage)
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh/Jagatī-class (source-dependent; requires confirmation from the underlying Ṛg hymn)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कया॑ नश्चि॒त्र आ भु॑वदू॒ती स॒दावृ॑ध॒: सखा॑ । कया॒ शचि॑ष्ठया वृ॒ता
Transliteration
káyā naś citrá ā́ bhuvad ūtī́ sadā́vṛdhaḥ sákhā | káyā śáciṣṭhayā vṛtā́ ||
Translation
Durch welches Mittel wird uns der wunderbare Freund, der ewig Wachsende, zur Hilfe kommen? Durch welche höchst wirksame Kraft soll er erwählt werden?
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
कया । नः । चित्रः । आ । भुवत् । ऊती । सदा-वृधः । सखा । कया । शचिष्ठया । वृता ।
Word by Word
कयाby what? with which (means)?
कया:
करण (हेतु/उपाय-प्रश्नः: ‘किसके द्वारा/किस उपाय से’)
TypePronoun (Interrogative)
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-प्रातिपदिक) → का (स्त्री.)
नःof us; our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
चित्रःbright; wondrous; excellent
चित्रः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण कर्तृपदस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; hither; unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
भुवत्may he become; may he be
भुवत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
ऊतीhelp; aid; protection
ऊती:
कर्तृ/विशेष्य (क्रियायाः ‘भुवत्’ इत्यस्य कर्तृ-रूपेण: ‘help’ as what becomes)
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक)
सदाalways
सदा:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
वृधःever-increasing; growing
वृधः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (Kṛdanta)
Rootवृध् (धातु) → वृध (कृदन्त/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
सखाfriend
सखा:
कर्तृ (सम्बोधनार्थे/प्रथमा-रूपेण स्तुति)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
कयाby what? with which (means)?
कया:
करण (हेतु/उपाय-प्रश्नः)
TypePronoun (Interrogative)
Rootकिम् → का (स्त्री.)
शचिष्ठयाby the most powerful/most skillful (power)
शचिष्ठया:
करण (उपाय: ‘by the most effective/skillful [power]’)
TypeAdjective
Rootशचिष्ठ (शचि-तमतम/श्रेष्ठ; प्रातिपदिक)
वृताchosen; accepted
वृता:
कर्तृ/विशेष्य-विशेषण (पूर्वपद-विशेषण: ‘help’ etc. as ‘chosen’)
TypeParticiple (Past Passive)
Rootवृ (धातु) → वृत्त/वृत (कृदन्त; PPP)
Entities Mentioned
I
IndraRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes