Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 53

शिवसंस्कार-दीक्षानिरूपणम् (Śivasaṃskāra and the Typology of Dīkṣā)

Devanagari script

सखा मित्रं च यत्तस्मात्सर्वं तस्मै निवेदयेत् । निवेद्य पश्चात्स्वात्मानं सान्वयं सपरिग्रहम्

Transliteration

sakhā mitraṃ ca yattasmātsarvaṃ tasmai nivedayet | nivedya paścātsvātmānaṃ sānvayaṃ saparigraham

Translation

Weil Er der wahre Gefährte und Freund ist, soll man Ihm alles darbringen. Nachdem man alles dargebracht hat, soll man dann auch sich selbst—mitsamt den Familienbindungen und allem Besitz—jenem Herrn, Śiva, hingeben.

Word by Word

• सखा: a friend
• सखा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तृपद (subject)

• मित्रम्: (as) a friend/ally
• मित्रम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; समनाधिकरण/अप्पोज़िशन to सखा

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• यत्: whatever (that which)
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• तस्मात्: from him/therefore
• तस्मात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेतौ/अपादानार्थे (from him/therefore)

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; यत्-सम्बन्धि (correlative)

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान (recipient)

• निवेदयेत्: should present/submit
• निवेदयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-विद् (धातु) causative निवेदय (णिजन्त)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; causative ‘cause to be known/offer’

• निवेद्य: having submitted
• निवेद्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-विद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकर्म (having submitted)

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• पश्चात्: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात् (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/क्रम-अव्यय (adverb of time/sequence)

• स्वात्मानम्: one’s own self
• स्वात्मानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (स्वस्य आत्मा)

• सान्वयम्: together with lineage/family
• सान्वयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + अन्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण of स्वात्मानम्

• सपरिग्रहम्: together with possessions/dependents
• सपरिग्रहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + परिग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण of स्वात्मानम्

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Mantra Metadata

Type: stotra

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: nurturing

Ritual Elements

Offering: naivedya

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches total nivedana (dedication) to Pati (Shiva): first offering all actions and resources, and finally surrendering the ego-sense along with familial and material attachments, which loosens pāśa (bondage) and supports liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

In Saguna worship—especially in Linga-pūjā—devotees symbolically offer all they have (upacāras, food, wealth, merit) and culminate in inner surrender, recognizing Shiva as the indwelling Lord beyond possessions and identity.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice daily nivedana: during Linga-pūjā or japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), mentally offer possessions and relationships, then offer the ‘I’ (ahaṅkāra) itself—ending with silent surrender and prayer for Shiva’s grace.