Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 56

श्रद्धामाहात्म्यं तथा देवीप्रश्नः

The Greatness of Śraddhā and Devī’s Question to Śiva

बाह्यादाभ्यंतरं श्रेष्ठं भवेच्छतगुणाधिकम् । असंकरत्वाद्दोषाणां दृष्टानामप्यसम्भवात् । शौचमाभ्यंतरं विद्यान्न बाह्यं शौचमुच्यते । अंतः शौचविमुक्तात्मा शुचिरप्यशुचिर्यतः

bāhyādābhyaṃtaraṃ śreṣṭhaṃ bhavecchataguṇādhikam | asaṃkaratvāddoṣāṇāṃ dṛṣṭānāmapyasambhavāt | śaucamābhyaṃtaraṃ vidyānna bāhyaṃ śaucamucyate | aṃtaḥ śaucavimuktātmā śucirapyaśuciryataḥ

Innere Reinheit ist der äußeren Reinheit überlegen—ja, hundertfach größer. Weil sie sich nicht mit Fehlern vermischt und weil selbst sichtbare Mängel in ihr nicht entstehen können, soll man Reinheit als innerlich erkennen; bloße äußere Sauberkeit heißt nicht wahrhaft Reinheit. Wer der inneren Reinheit entbehrt, ist unrein, auch wenn er äußerlich sauber ist.

bāhyātthan the external
bāhyāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootbāhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka/Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī (5), Ekavacana; ablative of comparison
ābhyantaramthe internal (purity)
ābhyantaram:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootābhyantara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
śreṣṭhamsuperior
śreṣṭham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate adjective
bhavetis/should be
bhavet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
FormVidhiliṅ, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ‘would be/should be’
śata-guṇa-adhikama hundred times greater
śata-guṇa-adhikam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśata (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa—‘exceeding by a hundredfold’
asaṃkaratvātbecause of non-mixture (purity)
asaṃkaratvāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootasaṃkaratva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Pañcamī, Ekavacana; ablative of cause
doṣāṇāmof faults
doṣāṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootdoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana
dṛṣṭānāmseen/observed
dṛṣṭānām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdṛṣṭa (दृश् धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana; past passive participle used adjectivally ‘seen/observed’
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya/avadhāraṇa particle (समुच्चय/अवधारण) ‘even/also’
asambhavātbecause of non-occurrence
asambhavāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootasambhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī, Ekavacana; ablative of cause
śaucampurity
śaucam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśauca (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā (2), Ekavacana
ābhyantaraminternal
ābhyantaram:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootābhyantara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of śaucam
vidyātshould know
vidyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (विद् धातु)
FormVidhiliṅ, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada; ‘should know/recognize’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-particle
bāhyamexternal
bāhyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbāhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of śaucam
śaucampurity
śaucam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśauca (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
ucyateis called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada; karmaṇi-prayoga (passive) ‘is said/called’
antaḥwithin
antaḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootantaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (अव्यय) ‘within’
śauca-vimukta-ātmāone whose self is devoid of inner purity
śauca-vimukta-ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśauca (प्रातिपदिक) + vimukta (मुच् धातु, क्त; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi—‘one whose self is free from inner purity’ (i.e., devoid of inner cleanliness)
śuciḥpure
śuciḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśuci (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle ‘even’
aśuciḥimpure
aśuciḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaśuci (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
yataḥbecause
yataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyataḥ (अव्यय)
FormHetu-vācaka avyaya (हेतुवाचक) ‘because/since’

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches that true śauca (purity) is primarily inward—purifying intention, mind, and conduct—because only inner purity supports liberation and stable devotion to Shiva; outer cleanliness without inner transformation is spiritually incomplete.

Linga worship includes external acts (snāna, abhiṣeka, offerings), but this verse insists that such Saguna worship becomes effective when joined with inner śauca—humility, restraint, and sincerity—so the devotee’s consciousness becomes fit to receive Shiva’s grace.

Along with basic external purity, prioritize inner purification through japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), self-restraint, truthfulness, and mindful offering during puja—so the mind does not ‘mix’ with दोष (defects) while worshipping.