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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 17

पशुपाशपतिज्ञान-प्राप्तिः

Acquisition of Paśupati–Pāśa Knowledge

मुनय ऊचुः । कैषा प्रकृतिरित्युक्ता क एष पुरुषो मतः । अनयोः केन सम्बन्धः कोयं प्रेरक ईश्वरः

munaya ūcuḥ | kaiṣā prakṛtirityuktā ka eṣa puruṣo mataḥ | anayoḥ kena sambandhaḥ koyaṃ preraka īśvaraḥ

Die Weisen sprachen: „Was ist es wahrlich, das Prakṛti genannt wird? Und wer gilt als dieser Puruṣa? Wodurch wird die Beziehung zwischen beiden begründet? Und wer ist dieser antreibende Herr, der Īśvara?“

munayaḥthe sages
munayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
what? (which?)
:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun (प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम)
eṣāthis
eṣā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun (निर्देशक सर्वनाम)
prakṛtiḥPrakṛti / nature
prakṛtiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उद्धरणचिह्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
uktāis said / has been stated
uktā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त/क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
kaḥwho? / what?
kaḥ:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun (प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम)
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun (निर्देशक सर्वनाम)
puruṣaḥPuruṣa / person (spirit)
puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
mataḥis considered / is held to be
mataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootman (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle used predicatively (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
anayoḥof these two
anayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन); pronoun referring to two (द्वय-संबन्ध)
kenaby what? / by whom?
kena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun
sambandhaḥrelation / connection
sambandhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsambandha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun
ayamthis
ayam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun
prerakaḥimpeller / instigator
prerakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpra-√īr/√ir (धातु) + ṇvul (ण्वुल्) → preraka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agent noun (कर्तृवाचक)
īśvaraḥLord / God
īśvaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Sages (Munis) at Naimisharanya

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It frames the core Shaiva inquiry into bondage and liberation: what matter (Prakṛti) is, what the individual conscious principle (Puruṣa/paśu) is, and how the Supreme Lord (Īśvara/Pati—Shiva) governs their relationship to grant moksha.

By asking who the “impelling Lord” is, the verse points to Shiva as the supreme governor beyond Prakṛti and Puruṣa; Linga worship is a Saguna support for realizing that same transcendent Pati who directs creation and liberation.

The verse suggests tattva-vicāra (contemplation of principles) leading to devotion to Īśvara; in Shaiva practice this is commonly supported by japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and meditation on Shiva as the inner Preraka (impeller).