Shloka 19

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

Devanagari script

परस्त्रियाभितप्यंते ये परद्रव्यसूचकाः । परद्रव्यहरा नित्यं तौलमिथ्यानुसारकाः

Transliteration

parastriyābhitapyaṃte ye paradravyasūcakāḥ | paradravyaharā nityaṃ taulamithyānusārakāḥ

Translation

Wer nach der Frau eines anderen begehrt, wer fremdes Gut auskundschaftet und begehrlich darauf zeigt, wer ständig den Besitz anderer stiehlt und wer von Betrug bei Gewicht und Maß lebt—solche Menschen werden von Leid versengt, als Folge ihrer selbstgeschaffenen Fesselung.

Word by Word

• परस्त्रिया: by/with another’s wife
• परस्त्रिया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर + स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (परस्याः स्त्री)

• अभितप्यन्ते: are tormented
• अभितप्यन्ते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + तप् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense): 'are tormented/are afflicted'

• ये: those who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun)

• परद्रव्यसूचकाः: informers about others’ property
• परद्रव्यसूचकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर + द्रव्य + सूचक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (परस्य द्रव्यस्य सूचकाः = informers about others’ property)

• परद्रव्यहराः: stealers of others’ property
• परद्रव्यहराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर + द्रव्य + हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (परस्य द्रव्यस्य हराः = stealers of others’ property)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण अव्ययीभूत (adverbial accusative)

• तौलमिथ्यानुसारकाः: practitioners of false weights/measures
• तौलमिथ्यानुसारकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तौल + मिथ्या + अनुसारक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (मिथ्या-तौलम् = false weighing; तदनुसारकाः = those who follow/practice it)

Speaker

Lord Shiva (teaching Umā/Parvati in the Umāsaṃhitā discourse)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Ethical restraint (yama-like conduct) is presented as a prerequisite for fruitful tīrtha/temple practice; violating others’ spouse/wealth intensifies pāśa and thus obstructs the merit of pilgrimage.

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Parvati

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It identifies key pāśas (bondages)—lust, greed, theft, and deceit—that burn the jīva through karmic consequence; Shaiva Siddhanta frames liberation as removing these impurities so the soul can turn toward Pati (Shiva).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga worship is not only ritual but moral purification; approaching Saguna Shiva with deceit and exploitation strengthens bondage, while restraint and truth make the devotee fit for Shiva’s grace (anugraha).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice daily self-restraint (yama-like vows), truthful speech and honest livelihood; support it with japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and purity disciplines such as Tripuṇḍra-bhasma and Rudrākṣa as reminders of integrity.