Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Bhāratavarṣa–Navabheda-Vyavasthā

The Nine Divisions of Bhāratavarṣa and Its Sacred Geography

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या मध्ये शूद्राश्च भूयशः । इज्या युद्धपणा सेवा वर्तयन्तो व्यवस्थिताः

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā madhye śūdrāśca bhūyaśaḥ | ijyā yuddhapaṇā sevā vartayanto vyavasthitāḥ

Es gab Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas und Vaiśyas, und unter ihnen waren die Śūdras in größerer Zahl. In ihren jeweiligen Ständen gefestigt, verrichteten sie die vorgeschriebenen Pflichten—Verehrung und Opferhandlungen, Krieg und Herrschaft, Handel und Lebensunterhalt sowie Dienst.

ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural)
क्षत्रियाःKṣatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural)
वैश्याःVaiśyas
वैश्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural)
मध्येin the midst/among
मध्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); स्थानवाचक (locative of place)
शूद्राःŚūdras
शूद्राः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)
भूयशःmostly, in greater number
भूयशः:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय (adverbial usage), तुलनात्मक-प्रयोग: ‘mostly/for the most part’
इज्याworship/sacrifice
इज्या:
Karma (कर्म/Object domain; item of practice)
TypeNoun
Rootइज्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)
युद्ध-पणाःthose whose business is war
युद्ध-पणाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + पण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष: ‘whose stake/occupation is war’
सेवाservice
सेवा:
Karma (कर्म/Object domain; item of practice)
TypeNoun
Rootसेवा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)
वर्तयन्तःengaging in / carrying on
वर्तयन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु) → वर्तयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; causative)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural); णिच्-प्रयोग (causative): ‘carrying on/engaging in’
व्यवस्थिताःwell-arranged/established
व्यवस्थिताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + अव + स्था (धातु) → व्यवस्थित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP): ‘arranged/established’

Suta Goswami (narrating the Purāṇic account to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Sadyojāta

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga passage; it describes varṇāśrama order as part of the world’s stable functioning (dharma) within a sacred-geography narrative.

Significance: Frames social dharma as a purifier when performed as Śiva-ārādhana and as preparation for tīrtha/vrata life.

Offering: naivedya

FAQs

The verse frames dharma as ordered conduct: each person sustains society through their proper duty, and in Shaiva Siddhanta this outer order becomes a support for inner purification—making the mind fit for Shiva-bhakti and, ultimately, grace (anugraha).

By naming ijyā (worship) as a foundational duty, it points to Saguna Shiva worship—such as Linga-arcana—as a stabilizing practice that disciplines life, aligns action with dharma, and prepares the devotee for deeper realization of Shiva as Pati.

The implied practice is regular ijyā—daily Shiva-puja/Linga-arcana—supported by disciplined living; devotees may pair it with japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) as the inward form of worship.