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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 4

गजासुरतपः–देवलोकक्षोभः

Gajāsura’s Austerities and the Disturbance of the Worlds

स तद्वैरमनुस्मृत्य तपोर्थं गतवान्वने । समुद्दिश्य विधिं प्रीत्या तताप परमं तपः

sa tadvairamanusmṛtya taporthaṃ gatavānvane | samuddiśya vidhiṃ prītyā tatāpa paramaṃ tapaḥ

Jener Feindschaft eingedenk ging er des Tapas wegen in den Wald; und in liebender Hingabe, das vorgeschriebene Ritual (vidhi) ordnungsgemäß anrufend, vollzog er den höchsten Tapas, ausgerichtet auf die göttliche Satzung und ihre Erfüllung.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
tatthat
tat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; demonstrative used adjectivally
vairamenmity
vairam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaira (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
anusmṛtyahaving remembered
anusmṛtya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) with anu- (उपसर्ग)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), 'having recollected'
tapaḥ-arthamfor the sake of austerity
tapaḥ-artham:
Karma (कर्म/purpose)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; तत्पुरुषसमासः; purpose accusative
gatavānwent
gatavān:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
FormPast active participle (क्तवत्), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; kartari usage
vanein the forest
vane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular
samuddiśyahaving invoked / addressing
samuddiśya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootdiś (धातु) with sam-ud- (उपसर्ग)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), 'having addressed/aimed at'
vidhimBrahmā / the Ordainer (Vidhi)
vidhim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular
prītyāwith devotion / affection
prītyā:
Karaṇa (करण/instrumental manner)
TypeNoun
Rootprīti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
tatāpaperformed austerity / practiced penance
tatāpa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottap (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; parasmaipada
paramamsupreme
paramam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; agrees with tapaḥ
tapaḥausterity
tapaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Sthala Purana: Forest-tapas motif anticipates a boon-seeking arc; in many Śaiva sthala narratives, such tapas leads to a theophany (darśana) and a subsequent establishment of liṅga/kshetra, though not specified here.

Significance: Highlights tapas with ‘vidhi’ (right ordinance) as a powerful but morally ambivalent tool: without right intention it deepens bondage; with surrender it becomes a path to grace.

FAQs

It shows that even intense worldly emotions like enmity can be redirected into disciplined tapas when aligned with dharma and performed with devotion—making the heart fit for Shiva’s grace and inner purification.

The emphasis on “vidhi” (proper ordinance) and “prītyā” (loving devotion) reflects Saguna Shiva worship: approaching Shiva through prescribed rites—often centered on the Linga—while cultivating devotion that transforms the motive from conflict to surrender.

The verse points to tapas performed according to right procedure (vidhi) with devotion—practically expressed as daily japa (especially the Panchakshara, Om Namaḥ Śivāya), simple forest-like restraint (sense-control), and Shiva-puja done with purity and steadiness.