Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 16

पूजाविधिः

Pūjā-vidhiḥ) — The Supreme Procedure of Worship (Morning Observances

Devanagari script

परधार्य्यं च नोच्छिष्टं रात्रौ च विधृतं च यत् । तेन स्नानं तथा कार्यं क्षालितं च परित्यजेत्

Transliteration

paradhāryyaṃ ca nocchiṣṭaṃ rātrau ca vidhṛtaṃ ca yat | tena snānaṃ tathā kāryaṃ kṣālitaṃ ca parityajet

Translation

Wenn man das Gewand eines anderen getragen hat, oder Unreines (ucchiṣṭa) berührt hat, oder etwas über Nacht am Körper getragen hat, dann soll man ordnungsgemäß ein reinigendes Bad vollziehen; und was dabei gewaschen wurde (um jene Unreinheit zu entfernen), soll man wegwerfen.

Word by Word

• परधार्यम्: worn by others
• परधार्यम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर + धार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (परैः धार्यम् = worn by others)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• उच्छिष्टम्: impure/soiled
• उच्छिष्टम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उच्छिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (वैकल्पिकरूप: रात्र्याम्/रात्रौ)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• विधृतम्: worn/put on
• विधृतम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-धृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘worn/put on’

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• यत्: which/that which
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• तेन: with that
• तेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक/पुं, तृतीया, एकवचन

• स्नानम्: bathing
• स्नानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तथा: thus
• तथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (thus/in that manner)

• कार्यम्: should be done
• कार्यम्: Kriyā (विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘to be done’

• क्षालितम्: washed (cloth)
• क्षालितम्: Karma/Viṣaya (कर्म/विषय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षाल् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘washed’

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• परित्यजेत्: should abandon/discard
• परित्यजेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speaker

Sūta Gosvāmin (narrating Shiva Purana teachings on purity and ritual conduct to the sages of Naimiṣāraṇya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Highlights bondage through impurity/contamination (pāśa) and prescribes remedial śauca (snāna, discarding contaminated items), restoring eligibility for Śiva’s worship.

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse emphasizes śauca (purity) as a foundational discipline: by removing physical impurity through snāna, the devotee becomes fit for Shiva-upāsanā, aligning outer cleanliness with inner sattva and reverence toward Pati (Shiva).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-pūjā is performed with ritual exactness; contact with impure substances or conditions requires purification first, so the offerings and the worshipper’s state are appropriate for Saguna Shiva worship in the temple/home shrine context.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A purificatory bath (snāna) is prescribed before worship; practically, it supports daily Shiva sādhanā such as clean preparation for mantra-japa (e.g., Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and orderly pūjā, though this verse itself focuses on bathing and discarding contaminated items.