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Shloka 49

Niṣādasya Bhillasya Itihāsaḥ — Śivarātri-vrata-prabhāvaḥ

The Hunter’s Account and the Efficacy of the Śivarātri Observance

तावद्द्वितीयो यामो वै तस्य निद्रां विना गतः । एतस्मिन्समये तत्र प्राप्ते यामे तृतीयके

tāvaddvitīyo yāmo vai tasya nidrāṃ vinā gataḥ | etasminsamaye tatra prāpte yāme tṛtīyake

So verging für ihn die zweite Nachtwache ohne Schlaf. Und genau zu jener Zeit, als dort die dritte Nachtwache eintrat, entfaltete sich das nächste Geschehen.

tāvatthen/so long
tāvat:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottāvat (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, temporal adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
dvitīyaḥsecond
dvitīyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ordinal qualifying ‘yāmaḥ’
yāmaḥwatch (of the night)
yāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, emphatic particle (निपात)
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; ‘of him’
nidrāmsleep
nidrām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnidrā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; object with ‘vinā’
vināwithout
vinā:
Apavarga/Abhāva (अपवर्ग/अभाव; ‘without’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, preposition-like indeclinable governing accusative (विना + द्वितीया)
gataḥgone/passed
gataḥ:
Kriyā-samānādhikaraṇa (क्रियासमानाधिकरण/predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; used predicatively with ‘yāmaḥ’ = ‘passed’
etasminin this
etasmin:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Masculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
samayetime
samaye:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; with etasmin = ‘at this time’
tatrathere
tatra:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb of place (देशवाचक)
prāptewhen (it was) reached/arrived
prāpte:
Sati-saptamī (सति-सप्तमी/locative absolute)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-āp (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; locative absolute with ‘yāme’
yāmein the watch
yāme:
Sati-saptamī (सति-सप्तमी)
TypeNoun
Rootyāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; in locative absolute with ‘prāpte’
tṛtīyakethird
tṛtīyake:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛtīyaka (प्रातिपदik)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ordinal adjective qualifying ‘yāme’

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Sthala Purana: The marking of yāmas (night-watches) is a Purāṇic technique to signal liminality: the third watch often precedes a decisive turn (darśana, omen, or encounter) in tīrtha/Jyotirliṅga episodes.

Significance: Encourages nocturnal vigilance (jāgaraṇa) as a spiritual discipline; in Śaiva practice, night-watches resonate with pradoṣa and Śivarātri observances where wakefulness becomes a vehicle for grace.

FAQs

It highlights jāgaraṇa—wakeful, steady devotion—where the devotee’s mind does not sink into tamas (sleep/forgetfulness) but remains oriented toward Shiva, preparing the inner field for grace and an impending spiritual turning point.

In Kotirudra contexts, such time-markers often frame a devotee’s sustained vigil near a sacred presence (commonly a Jyotirlinga/Linga). Remaining awake symbolizes continuous smaraṇa and upāsanā of Saguna Shiva, through which the devotee becomes fit to receive Shiva’s manifest blessing.

Night-vigil (jāgaraṇa) with japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), along with simple Linga-upacāras (water offering) and mental dhyāna; this is especially resonant with Mahāśivarātri practice across the yāmas.