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Shloka 32

Niṣādasya Bhillasya Itihāsaḥ — Śivarātri-vrata-prabhāvaḥ

The Hunter’s Account and the Efficacy of the Śivarātri Observance

ब्राह्मणो वेदविक्रेता सन्ध्याहीनस्त्रिकालकम् । स्त्रियस्स्वस्वामिनो ह्याज्ञां समुल्लंघ्य क्रियान्विताः

brāhmaṇo vedavikretā sandhyāhīnastrikālakam | striyassvasvāmino hyājñāṃ samullaṃghya kriyānvitāḥ

Ein Brāhmaṇa, der die Veden verkauft, einer, der die dreimal täglichen Sandhyā-Riten vernachlässigt, und Frauen, die, obwohl sie religiöse Handlungen vollziehen, den Befehl ihrer eigenen Ehemänner überschreiten — diese werden als Übertreter des rechten Dharma erklärt.

ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
वेदविक्रेताseller of the Veda
वेदविक्रेता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवेद + विक्रेता (प्रातिपदिक; विक्रेता from वि+क्री)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वेदस्य विक्रेता)
सन्ध्याहीनःdevoid of sandhyā (daily twilight rites)
सन्ध्याहीनः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसन्ध्या + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सन्ध्यायाः हीनः)
त्रिकालकम्(the) thrice-daily (rite)
त्रिकालकम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि + कालक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (three-times-a-day)
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
स्वस्वामिनःof (their) own husbands
स्वस्वामिनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + स्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; ‘of one’s own husband/master’
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha/Avyaya (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle/emphasis)
आज्ञाम्command
आज्ञाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
समुल्लङ्घ्यhaving transgressed
समुल्लङ्घ्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootलङ्घ् (धातु)
Formल्यप् (Absolutive/क्त्वान्त), अव्ययभाव; उपसर्ग: सम् + उत्
क्रियान्विताःengaged in (other) rites/acts
क्रियान्विताः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रिया + अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (स्त्रियः इति स्त्रीलिङ्गे सति अपि पाठभेद/सामान्य-बहुवचन-प्रयोगः), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुष (क्रियया अन्विताः = endowed with acts/rites)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Significance: Serves as dharma-śikṣā: warns that ritual without right conduct (ācāra) becomes bondage (pāśa) rather than merit; encourages ethical purity in Śiva-bhakti.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches that spiritual practice must be rooted in dharma: sacred knowledge is not to be commodified, daily inner purification (Sandhyā) should not be abandoned, and religious acts should not be used to justify willful transgression—only disciplined, ethical devotion becomes fit for Shiva’s grace.

Linga worship is not merely an external rite; it is effective when the devotee’s life aligns with right conduct. Neglecting foundational duties like Sandhyā or treating scripture as merchandise undermines the purity (bhāva-śuddhi) required for fruitful Saguna Shiva worship.

Maintain the tri-kāla Sandhyā (daily twilight worship) as a baseline discipline alongside Shiva-upāsanā—supporting mantra-japa (such as the Panchākṣarī) with regular purification, restraint, and sincerity.