Rig Veda 1.85.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 85, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.85

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

गोमातरो यच्छुभयन्ते अञ्जिभिस्तनूषु शुभ्रा दधिरे विरुक्मतः । बाधन्ते विश्वमभिमातिनमप वर्त्मान्येषामनु रीयते घृतम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.85.3

Transliteration

gómātaro yác chubháyante añjíbhis tanū́ṣu chubhrā́ dadhire virúkmataḥ | bā́dhante víśvam abhimā́tinam ápa vartmā́ny eṣā́m ánu rī́yate ghṛtám ||

Translation

Wenn die von der Kuh-Mutter Geborenen ihre Leiber mit glänzendem Schmuck zieren und helles Gold anlegen, vertreiben sie jede feindliche Bedrängnis. Auf ihren Pfaden fließt die geklärte Licht-Essenz, als strömte die Süße des lichten Geistes hinter ihnen her.

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Word by Word

• गोमातरः: the cow-mothers (i.e., the Maruts as having cows/with cows)
• गोमातरः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोमातृ (प्रातिपदिक; गो- + मातृ)

• यत्: when/that (relative)
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable/Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शुभयन्ते: they adorn themselves / they make themselves splendid
• शुभयन्ते: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुभ् (धातु; ‘to shine/beautify’) → शुभयति (णिच्)

• अञ्जिभिः: with unguents/with adornments
• अञ्जिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अञ्जि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ointment/paint, adornment’)

• तनूषु: on (their) bodies
• तनूषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनू (प्रातिपदिक; ‘body, person’)

• शुभ्राः: bright, splendid
• शुभ्राः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright, white, splendid’)

• दधिरे: they have put on / they have assumed
• दधिरे: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु; ‘to put, place’) → दधि- (परस्मै/आत्मने RV perf.)

• विरुक्मतः: having bright ornaments
• विरुक्मतः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरुक्मत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having shining ornaments/brightly adorned’)

• बाधन्ते: they repel / they drive away
• बाधन्ते: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: बाध् (धातु; ‘to press, oppress, repel’)

• विश्वम्: all (everything)
• विश्वम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (substantive)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘all, entire’)

• अभिमातिनम्: the assailer/enemy
• अभिमातिनम्: कर्म (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अभिमातिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘assailing, hostile, enemy’)

• अप: away, off
• अप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अप (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• वर्त्मानि: paths, tracks
• वर्त्मानि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्त्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘path, track’)

• एषाम्: of these (of them)
• एषाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: along, following
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रीयते: it flows / it runs
• रीयते: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: री (धातु; ‘to flow, run, move’)

• घृतम्: ghee (clarified butter)
• घृतम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ghee, clarified butter’)