Shloka 50

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

बहुशश्चोदयामासभर्तारंमामनुव्रताम् ।भार्याभवरमस्वेतिप्रत्याख्यातोध्रुवंमया ।।।।सोऽयंमामनुपस्थानेव्यक्तंनैराश्यमागतः ।क्रोधमोहसमाविष्टोनिहन्तुंमांसमुद्यतः ।।।।

Transliteration

bahuśaś codayāmāsa bhartāraṃ mām anuvratām |

bhāryā bhava ramasveti pratyākhyāto dhruvaṃ mayā |

so 'yaṃ mām anupasthāne vyaktaṃ nairāśyam āgataḥ |

krodhamohasamāviṣṭo nihantuṃ māṃ samudyataḥ ||

Translation

„Immer wieder drängte er mich – obwohl ich meinem Ehemann ergeben bin –: ‚Werde meine Frau, vergnüge dich mit mir.‘ Ich wies ihn entschieden zurück. Nun, da ich nicht nachgeben wollte, ist er offensichtlich in Verzweiflung gefallen; von Wut und Wahn ergriffen, ist er bereit, mich zu töten.“

Word by Word

• athavā: or else
• athavā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: athavā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive)

• tau: those two
• tau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन (Dual)

• nara-vyāghrau: tigers among men
• nara-vyāghrau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (उपमान-आधार): ‘नरेषु व्याघ्रौ’ (tigers among men); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; apposition to tau

• bhrātarau: the two brothers
• bhrātarau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; apposition

• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Rama and Lakshmana
• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: ‘रामश्च लक्ष्मणश्च’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; apposition

• mat-nimittam: because of me/for my sake
• mat-nimittam: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + nimitta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव: ‘मत्-निमित्तम्’ = ‘for my sake’; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial accusative)

• anāryeṇa: by the ignoble one
• anāryeṇa: Kartr̥-karaṇa (कर्तृकरण/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तृकरण (agent in passive sense)

• samare: in battle
• samare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• adya: today
• adya: Kāla (काल/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• nipātitau: have been struck down
• nipātitau: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√pat (धातु) + णिच्? (causative sense) + क्त
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle used predicatively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; (tau) का विधेय

Context

Thus spoke Sita filled with sorrow crying," This evil minded angry one is coming to me to kill me as though I am an orphan even though I have a protector."

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Marital fidelity and moral refusal of coercion are upheld as dharma; the verse also shows how desire turning into rage breeds adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā explains that Rāvaṇa’s repeated proposals were firmly rejected, and that his despair has now turned into murderous intent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s steadfast chastity (pativratā-dharma) and truthfulness (satya) in stating her refusal without compromise.