Shloka 39

Devanagari script

तौपरस्परमभ्येत्यसर्वगात्रेषुधवनिनौ ।।।।घोरैर्विव्यधतुर्भाणैःकृतभावावुभौजये ।

Transliteration

tau parasparam abhyetya sarvagātreṣu dhanvinau | ghorair vivyadhatur bāṇaiḥ kṛtabhāvāv ubhau jaye ||

Translation

Als sie einander nahe kamen, durchbohrten die beiden Bogenschützen, beide auf den Sieg bedacht, einander an allen Gliedern mit schrecklichen Pfeilen.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla (काल/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (sequence/time)

• समर-कोपेन: by battle-wrath
• समर-कोपेन: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक) + kopa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa, Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular

• सम्वृतः: overcome / enveloped
• सम्वृतः: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण/Subject attribute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṃ-√vṛ (सं√वृ धातु, क्त)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; agrees with रावणात्मजः

• रावण-आत्मजः: Ravana's son
• रावण-आत्मजः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

• विभीषणम्: Vibhishana
• विभीषणम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vibhīṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• त्रिभिः: with three
• त्रिभिः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural; agrees with बाणैः

• बाणैः: with arrows
• बाणैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural

• विव्याथ: pierced
• विव्याथ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-vyadh (वि√व्यध् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

• वदने: in/on the face
• वदने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular

• शुभे: beautiful
• शुभे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; agrees with वदने

Context

Both wishing for victory, set to tear each other, pierced dreadful arrows on one another all over the limbs, opposing.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Indrajit
• bows
• arrows

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights determination toward one’s chosen aim; dharma, however, demands that the aim (jaya) be aligned with righteousness, not mere domination.

What is the narrative situation?

The duel becomes all-consuming: both close distance and wound each other repeatedly across the body.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfast resolve (dṛḍha-niścaya) and fearlessness under sustained attack.