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Shloka 40

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

ससायकोरावणबाहुमुक्तःशक्राशनिप्रख्यवपुश्शिताग्रः ।सुग्रीवमासाद्यबिभेदवेगाद्गुहेरिताक्रौञ्चमिवोग्रशक्तिः ।।6.59.40।।

sa sāyako rāvaṇabāhumuktaḥ śakrāśani-prakhyavapuḥ śitāgraḥ | sugrīvam āsādya bibheda vegād guheritā krauñcam ivograśaktiḥ ||6.59.40||

Jener Pfeil, aus Rāvaṇas Arm entsandt — scharfspitzig und furchtbar wie Indras Donnerkeil — erreichte Sugrīva und durchbohrte ihn mit Wucht, wie der grimmige Speer, den Guha einst schleuderte und der den Berg Krauñca spaltete.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sāyaka-ārtaḥwounded by an arrow
sāyaka-ārtaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāyaka (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: ‘sāyakena ārtaḥ’ (afflicted by an arrow); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifies ‘vīraḥ’
viparīta-cetāḥbewildered, out of senses
viparīta-cetāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviparīta (प्रातिपदिक) + cetas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि: ‘viparītaṃ cetaḥ yasya saḥ’ (whose mind is disordered); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kūjangroaning/crying
kūjan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootkūj (धातु)
Formशतृ (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; contemporaneous action
pṛthivyāmon the ground
pṛthivyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpṛthivī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
nipapātafell down
nipapāta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-pat (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; धातु: पत् with उपसर्ग ‘नि’
vīraḥthe hero
vīraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
prekṣyahaving seen
prekṣya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्यय; धातु: ईक्ष् with उपसर्ग ‘प्र’
bhūmauon the earth
bhūmau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
patitamfallen
patitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpat (धातु)
Formकर्मणि क्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies ‘tam’
visaṃjñamunconscious
visaṃjñam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-saṃjña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्/वि-उपसर्गयुक्त विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies ‘tam’
neduḥshouted/roared
neduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnad (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
prahṛṣṭāḥdelighted
prahṛṣṭāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-hṛṣ (धातु)
Formकर्मणि क्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifies ‘yātudhānāḥ’
yudhiin battle
yudhi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyudh (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘in battle’
yātudhānāḥrākṣasas/demons
yātudhānāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyātudhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

That arrow released from Ravana's arm, which was hard and sharp as the thunderbolt of Indra, pierced Sugriva just as the sharp thorn edged spear of Guha penetrated Krauncha mountain.

R
Rāvaṇa
S
Sugrīva
I
Indra (Śakra)
T
thunderbolt (aśani)
G
Guha
M
Mount Krauñca
S
spear (śakti)

FAQs

The verse highlights the harsh reality of war: even righteous allies may suffer; dharma requires perseverance without abandoning the just cause.

Rāvaṇa’s powerful missile strikes Sugrīva, described through a mythic comparison to Guha’s spear and Mount Krauñca.

Sugrīva’s endurance and willingness to face injury in support of Rāma’s dharmic mission.