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Shloka 5

सेनानिवेशः रामविलापश्च

Encampment on the Northern Shore; Rama’s Lament and Sandhyā

नमेदुःखंप्रियादूरेनमेदुःखंहृतेतिवा ।एतदेवानुशोचामिवयोऽस्याह्यतिवर्तते ।।।।

na me duḥkhaṃ priyā dūre na me duḥkhaṃ hṛteti vā | etad evānuśocāmi vayo'syā hy ativartate ||

Ich trauere nicht, weil meine Geliebte fern ist, noch trauere ich bloß, weil sie geraubt wurde; wahrhaft beklage ich nur dies: dass ihre Jugend gewiss dahingeht.

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
memy/of me
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी एकवचन-रूप; अत्र षष्ठी (Genitive) ‘my’
duḥkhamsorrow
duḥkham:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject as predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (predicate nominal)
priyābeloved (woman)
priyā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
dūrefar away
dūre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdūra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रयोग; सप्तमी-एकवचन-रूप (locative used adverbially) ‘far away’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
memy/of me
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी एकवचन; सर्वनाम
duḥkhamsorrow
duḥkham:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
hṛtāabducted
hṛtā:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate of priyā)
TypeAdjective
Roothṛ (हृ धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘abducted/taken away’ (agreeing with priyā)
itithus/that
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इति-शब्द (quotative particle)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्प (disjunctive ‘or’)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; अत्र द्वितीया (object)
evaonly/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle ‘only/just’)
anuśocāmiI lament
anuśocāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-śuc (शुच् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
vayaḥage/youth
vayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvayas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
asyāḥof her
asyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootidam/tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (of her)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
ativartatepasses beyond/advances
ativartate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootati-vṛt (वृत् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

There is no grief in me that my beloved is at a distance, nor that she is taken away. Indeed her age is advancing. On this account I am feeling for her.

R
Rāma
S
Sītā

FAQs

Dharma is expressed as compassionate responsibility: love is not reduced to possessiveness or outrage, but to concern for the beloved’s wellbeing and the harm caused by time and suffering.

In the wartime setting, Rāma reflects on Sītā’s condition in separation, emphasizing not distance itself but the irreversible loss of her youthful time amid distress.

Rāma’s tenderness and moral seriousness—his grief is shaped by empathy and a truthful recognition of time’s passage.