Shloka 14

शरबन्धनविलापः

The Lament under the Net of Arrows

Devanagari script

येनाद्यबहवोयुद्धेनिहताराक्षसाविनिपातिताः ।तस्यामेवाद्यशूरस्त्वंशेषेविनिहतःपरैः ।।6.49.14।।

Transliteration

yenādya bahavo yuddhe nihatā rākṣasā vinipātitāḥ |

tasyām evādya śūras tvaṃ śeṣe vinihataḥ paraiḥ || 6.49.14 ||

Translation

Du, durch den heute im Kampf so viele Rākṣasas erschlagen und zu Boden gestreckt wurden—auf eben diesem Boden liegst du nun, o Held, von anderen getroffen, ohne Besinnung.

Word by Word

• येन: by whom/with which
• येन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण (instrument)

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: काल (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• बहवः: many
• बहवः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण राक्षसाः

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• निहताः: slain
• निहताः: क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विधेय (predicative) राक्षसाः

• राक्षसाः: Rakshasas
• राक्षसाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• विनिपातिताः: struck down, felled
• विनिपातिताः: क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-नि-पत् (धातु)
• Form: णिच् + क्त (causative past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सहविधेय (co-predicate) राक्षसाः

• तस्याम्: there/in that
• तस्याम्: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'in that (battle/field)'

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: काल (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• शूरः: hero
• शूरः: विधेय (Predicate complement/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicative noun) त्वम्

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शेषे: in a helpless state / remaining
• शेषे: अधिकरण (State/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; अवस्था/स्थान (in the remainder/lying state)

• विनिहतः: killed
• विनिहतः: क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-नि-हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय त्वम्

• परैः: by others/enemies
• परैः: कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्तृकरण (agent in passive sense)

Context

"You, who have struck down many Rakshasas in war, are lying unconscious on the same ground struck by arrows."

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is tempered by the truth of impermanence: even heroic action does not guarantee safety; the verse invites humility and steadfastness despite reversals.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma contrasts Lakṣmaṇa’s earlier battlefield success with his present fallen state after being overpowered.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Heroism (śaurya) and duty in war—Lakṣmaṇa is remembered as a decisive warrior against adharma.