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Shloka 38

शुकवाक्यं (Śuka’s Report on the Vānara Host) / Śuka Describes the Allied Forces to Rāvaṇa

शतंशङ्कुसहस्राणांमहाशङ्कु: इतिस्मृतः ।।6.28.34।।महाशङ्कुसहस्राणांशतंबृन्दमिहोच्यते ।शतंबृन्दसहस्राणांमहावृन्दमितिस्मृतम् ।।6.28.35।।महाबृन्दसहस्राणांशतंपद्ममिहोच्यते ।शतंपद्मसहस्राणांमहापद्ममितिस्मृतिम् ।।6.28.36।।महापद्मसहस्राणांशतंखर्वमिहोच्यते ।शतंखर्वसहस्राणांमहाखर्वमिवोच्यते ।।6.28.37।।महाखर्वसहस्राणांसमुद्रमभिधीयते ।तंसमुद्रसाहस्रमोघइत्यभिधीयते ।।6.28.38।।शतमोघसहस्राणांमहौघइतिविश्रुतः ।

mahākharva-sahasrāṇāṁ samudram abhidhīyate |

taṁ samudra-sāhasram ogha ity abhidhīyate ||6.28.38||

śatam ogha-sahasrāṇāṁ mahaugha iti viśrutaḥ |

Hunderttausend Mahākharvas heißen Samudra; und hunderttausend Samudras heißen Ogha. Hunderttausend Oghas sind als Mahaugha berühmt.

adho-mukhauwith faces downcast
adho-mukhau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhas + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); समासः—अव्ययीभावः: अधः मुखौ (with faces down)
tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
praṇataubowed / submissive
praṇatau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpraṇata (कृदन्त; √nam धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle): प्रणत = bowed/submissive
abravītsaid / spoke
abravīt:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
śuka-sāraṇauŚuka and Sāraṇa
śuka-sāraṇau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootśuka + sāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); समासः—इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः: शुकश्च सारणश्च
roṣa-gadgadayāwith a voice choked by anger
roṣa-gadgadayā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootroṣa + gadgada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (हेतु/सम्बन्ध): रोषेण गद्गदा (choked due to anger)
vācāwith (his) speech/voice
vācā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
saṃrabdhamagitated / indignant
saṃrabdham:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃrabdha (कृदन्त; √rabdh/√rabh धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त: संरब्ध = agitated/indignant; विशेषणं वचः (qualifies vacaḥ)
paruṣamharsh
paruṣam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootparuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणं वचः
vacaḥwords / speech
vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object; what was spoken)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

A lakh of Sanku is known as Maha Sanku. A lakh of Maha Shanka is spoken as Vrinda. A lakh of Vrindas is spoken as Maha Brinda. A lakh of Maha Vrindas is known as Padma. One lakh Padmas is known as Maha Padma and a lakh of Maha Padmas is known as Kharva. A lakh of Kharvas is known as Maha Kharva and a lakh of Maha Kharvas is known as a Samudra. A lakh of Samudras is known as an Ogha. A lakh of Oghas is popularly known as Maha Ogha.

S
Samudra
O
Ogha
M
Mahaugha

FAQs

Dharma here is expressed as satya and nīti (ethical statecraft): truthful, orderly knowledge is presented so that leadership decisions align with duty and reality, not with pride or self-deception.

The verse continues the formal numeric ladder used to measure the magnitude of the vānara forces advancing toward Laṅkā, culminating in very large collective units (Samudra, Ogha, Mahaugha).

Nīti-jñatā (competent counsel) and satya: the speaker models disciplined communication—defining terms precisely—so the listener can grasp the scale and respond appropriately.