Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 55, Shloka 33

लङ्कादाहानन्तरचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Post-Conflagration Self-Examination and Assurance of Sita’s Safety

Devanagari script

स निमित्तैश्च दृष्टार्थैः कारणैश्च महागुणैः।ऋषिवाक्यैश्च हनुमानभवत्प्रीतमानसः।।।।

Transliteration

sa nimittaiś ca dṛṣṭārthaiḥ kāraṇaiś ca mahāguṇaiḥ | ṛṣi-vākyaiś ca hanumān abhavat prīta-mānasaḥ ||

Translation

So wurde Hanumān durch die deutlichen Vorzeichen, die er gesehen hatte, durch stichhaltige Gründe, durch glückverheißende Zeichen und durch die Worte seherischer Weiser im Herzen froh.

Word by Word

• सः: he (Hanuman)
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• निमित्तैः: by omens, signs
• निमित्तैः: करण (Karana/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निमित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• दृष्टार्थैः: by evident proofs
• दृष्टार्थैः: करण (Karana/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दृष्ट (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘दृष्टः अर्थः (फलम्) येषां तैः’ (with evident results/proofs)

• कारणैः: by reasons, causes
• कारणैः: करण (Karana/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• महागुणैः: by great merits/good qualities (good signs)
• महागुणैः: करण (Karana/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘महान्तः गुणाः’

• ऋषिवाक्यैः: by the sages' words
• ऋषिवाक्यैः: करण (Karana/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक) + वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘ऋषीणां वाक्यानि’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अभवत्: became
• अभवत्: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदी

• प्रीतमानसः: glad at heart
• प्रीतमानसः: विशेषण (Qualifier of Hanuman)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: ‘प्रीतं मानसं यस्य सः’

Context

With omens that proved to be right and for good reasons and from the words of the sages (charanas), Hanuman felt happy.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Rishis (seer-like speakers; contextually Cāraṇas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A dharmic agent relies on valid signs, reason, and trustworthy testimony (satya-vākya) to act without despair—confidence is grounded, not reckless.

What is the narrative situation?

After hearing affirming words and recognizing favorable signs, Hanuman’s anxiety about Sita’s safety gives way to relief.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prasāda (clarity and calm) born from discernment: Hanuman integrates evidence and wise speech to steady his mind.