Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 41

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

मम पृष्ठगतौ तौ च चन्द्रसूर्याविवोदितौ।त्वत्सकाशं महासत्त्वौ नृसिंहावागमिष्यतः।।।।

Transliteration

mama pṛṣṭha-gatau tau ca candra-sūryāv ivoditau |

tvat-sakāśaṃ mahā-sattvau nṛ-siṃhāv āgamiṣyataḥ ||

Translation

Jene beiden großherzigen Löwen unter den Menschen—Rāma und Lakṣmaṇa—strahlend wie der aufgehende Mond und die Sonne, werden zu dir kommen, auf meinem Rücken reitend.

Word by Word

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पृष्ठ-गतौ: seated on (my) back
• पृष्ठ-गतौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; सप्तमी/अधिकरण-तत्पुरुषः (पृष्ठे गतौ = 'gone onto the back')

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• चन्द्र-सूर्यौ: the moon and the sun
• चन्द्र-सूर्यौ: Upamana (उपमान/standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः

• इव: like
• इव: Upama (उपमा-marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-वाचक अव्यय (like/as)

• उदितौ: risen
• उदितौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्-इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; 'risen'

• त्वत्-सकाशम्: to your presence
• त्वत्-सकाशम्: Gati/Karma (गति-कर्म/goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + सकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (त्वत्सकाशम् = 'to your presence/near you')

• महा-सत्त्वौ: two great heroes
• महा-सत्त्वौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (पूर्वपद) + सत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; कर्मधारयः (महच्च तत् सत्त्वं यस्य)

• नृ-सिंहौ: two lions among men
• नृ-सिंहौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक) + सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (नॄणां सिंहौ = 'lions among men')

• आगमिष्यतः: will come
• आगमिष्यतः: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-गम् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

"Both the valiant Rama and Lakshmana, lions among men, looking brilliant like Sun and Moon will come to you riding on my back.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sītā
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is faithful service to righteousness: Hanumān offers his own strength as a vehicle for the just reunion of Rāma and Sītā.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān reassures Sītā that Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa will soon come to her, even imagining bringing them swiftly upon his back.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Devotion and self-offering—Hanumān’s readiness to use his power entirely for Rāma’s dharmic purpose.