Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 10

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

जीवन्तीं मां यथा रामः सम्भावयति कीर्तिमान्।तत्तथा हनुमन्वाच्यं वाचा धर्ममवाप्नुहि।।।।

Transliteration

jīvantīṃ māṃ yathā rāmaḥ sambhāvayati kīrtimān |

tat tathā hanuman vācyaṃ vācā dharmam avāpnuhi ||5.39.10||

Translation

So sprich, o Hanumān, dass der ruhmreiche Rāma mich, solange ich lebe, zurückhole und wieder annehme; durch solch wahrhaftige, dharmagemäße Rede erlangst du Verdienst.

Word by Word

• yathā: so that / in such a way
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction/adverb: 'in such a way that')

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• mahā-bāhuḥ: mighty-armed
• mahā-bāhuḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (महान्तौ बाहू यस्य सः); पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• tārayati: rescues / helps cross
• tārayati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tṝ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद (parasmaipada), णिच्-प्रयोग (causative sense: 'causes to cross/rescues')

• rāghavaḥ: Rama (descendant of Raghu)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• asmāt: from this
• asmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (singular)

• duḥkha-ambu-saṃrodhāt: from the confinement/obstruction of the ocean of sorrow
• duḥkha-ambu-saṃrodhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha + ambu + saṃrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (दुःखरूपम् अम्बु यस्य/दुःखाम्बोः संरोधः); पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (singular)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• samādhātum: to console / to reassure
• samādhātum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-dhā (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), 'to settle/console/arrange'

• arhasi: you ought / are fit
• arhasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: arh (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद (parasmaipada)

Context

"Let the illustrious Rama take me alive. Help me with your (persuasive) words and you will acquire merit.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Hanuman
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma through vāk-satya (truthful, responsible speech): Sita urges Hanuman to communicate in a way that upholds righteousness and leads to her protection and reunion.

What is the narrative situation?

Sita instructs Hanuman on how to convey her situation so Rama will act promptly to rescue her while she is still alive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sita’s moral clarity and Hanuman’s role as a righteous messenger whose words must be precise and ethically guided.