Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 64

रामलक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Rama and Lakshmana; Alliance Narrative to Sita

Devanagari script

यवीयान्केन मे भ्राता हतः क्व च निपातितः।एतदाख्यातुमिच्छामि भवद्भिर्वानरोत्तमाः।।।।

Transliteration

yavīyān kena me bhrātā hataḥ kva ca nipātitaḥ | etad ākhyātum icchāmi bhavadbhir vānarottamāḥ ||5.35.64||

Translation

„Von wem wurde mein jüngerer Bruder getötet, und wo ist er gefallen? O ihr Besten der Vanaras, ich wünsche dies von euch zu hören.“

Word by Word

• यवीयान्: younger
• यवीयान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यवीयस् (प्रातिपदिक; comparative)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तुलनात्मक-विशेषण (comparative)

• केन: by whom
• केन: Karta (कर्ता; interrogative agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; कर्तृ/करण-प्रश्न (by whom)

• मे: my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; मम (of me/my)

• भ्राता: brother
• भ्राता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हतः: killed
• हतः: Kriya (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भावः (was killed)

• क्व: where
• क्व: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; place-question)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb of place)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• निपातितः: dropped/caused to fall
• निपातितः: Kriya (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + पत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि (was made to fall/dropped)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'this (matter)'

• आख्यातुम्: to tell
• आख्यातुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन; purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + ख्या (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अव्यय; 'to tell'

• इच्छामि: I wish/desire
• इच्छामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• भवद्भिः: by you
• भवद्भिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; आदरार्थ-प्रयोग (honorific 'by you')

• वानरोत्तमाः: O best of vanaras
• वानरोत्तमाः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानरोत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; वानर + उत्तम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), बहुवचन

Characters & Entities

• Sampati
• Jatayu (as younger brother, implied)
• Vanaras (vānarottama)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truth) as a basis for justice: Sampati seeks factual truth about the death, implying that righteous response must rest on accurate knowledge.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampati questions the Vanaras about the circumstances of Jatayu’s death—who killed him and where he fell.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-seeking and justice-oriented concern—Sampati demands clear information before action or judgment.