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Shloka 31

रावणस्य तर्जनं सीताया धर्मोक्तिः

Ravana’s Threats and Sita’s Dharma-Centered Reply

अनयेनाभिसम्पन्नमर्थहीनमनुव्रते।नाशयाम्यहमद्य त्वां सूर्यः सन्ध्यामिवौजसा।।।।

anayenābhisampannam arthahīnam anuvrate |

nāśayāmy aham adya tvāṃ sūryaḥ sandhyām ivaujasā ||

O treue Frau, du verharrst auf einem fruchtlosen Weg, gerüstet mit einem verkehrten Entschluss; heute werde ich dich zerschmettern, wie die Sonne mit ihrem Glanz die Dämmerung vertreibt.

anayenaby this wrong course
anayena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootanaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘wrong conduct/policy’
abhisampannamendowed/possessed
abhisampannam:
Karma (कर्म/Object; predicative qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-√pad (धातु) + kta (क्त) / abhisampanna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (कृत्/क्त) used adjectivally, Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies tvām (understood as tvām ... abhisampannām; text has neuter as generalized predicate/insult)
artha-hīnamworthless/meaningless
artha-hīnam:
Karma (कर्म/Object; predicative qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootarthahīna (प्रातिपदिक; artha + hīna)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: arthaṃ hīnam = devoid of value/meaning
anuvrateO faithful lady
anuvrate:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootanuvratā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन); address to Sītā ‘faithful one’
nāśayāmiI will destroy/dispell
nāśayāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√naś (धातु) + ṇic (णिच् causative)
FormPresent (लट्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); causative (णिच्) = ‘cause to perish/destroy’
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
adyatoday/now
adya:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time adjunct)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootadya (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण) of time
tvāmyou
tvām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
sūryaḥthe sun
sūryaḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); subject of implied simile clause
sandhyāmtwilight
sandhyām:
Karma (कर्म/Object in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootsandhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), upamā-vācaka (उपमावाचक)
ojasāby (his) brilliance/power
ojasā:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootojas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); means ‘power, brilliance’

"O Sita! you are following a vow of chastity and treading a meaningless, wrong path. I will destroy you as the Sun dispels the morning twilight with his lustre".

R
Rāvaṇa
S
Sītā
S
Sūrya (Sun)
S
Sandhyā (twilight)

FAQs

Dharma rejects coercion and threats, especially against the vulnerable. The verse shows adharma: power used to intimidate truth and fidelity.

Rāvaṇa, angered by Sītā’s refusal, escalates to explicit threats of harm, attempting to break her resolve.

Sītā’s fidelity (pativratā-dharma) is acknowledged even by her oppressor; her unwavering commitment to Rāma stands as the implied virtue.