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Shloka 5

द्वादशः सर्गः — हनूमतः अन्तःपुरविचयः

Hanuman’s Search Through Ravana’s Inner Apartments

सीतामदृष्ट्वा ह्यनवाप्य पौरुषंविहृत्य कालं सह वानरैश्चिरम्।न मेऽस्ति सुग्रीवसमीपगा गतिःसुतीक्ष्णदण्डो बलवांश्च वानरः।।।।

sītām adṛṣṭvā hy anavāpya pauruṣaṃ vihṛtya kālaṃ saha vānaraiś ciram |

na me 'sti sugrīvasamīpagā gatiḥ sutīkṣṇadaṇḍo balavāṃś ca vānaraḥ ||

Wenn ich zurückkehre, ohne Sītā gesehen zu haben — ohne irgendeinen Beweis meiner Tapferkeit errungen und nachdem ich lange Zeit unter den Vānaras vertan habe — gibt es für mich keinen Weg, Sugrīva zu begegnen; jener mächtige Vānara wird mich mit scharfem Strafmaß züchtigen.

sītāmSita
sītām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsītā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
adṛṣṭvāwithout seeing
adṛṣṭvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा) with negation a-
FormGerund/absolutive (क्त्वान्त), 'without seeing'
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (निपात), emphatic/causal particle
anavāpyawithout attaining
anavāpya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-āp (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्) with negation an-
FormGerund (ल्यप्), 'without obtaining/achieving'
pauruṣammanly achievement/valor (success)
pauruṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpauruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; object of 'anavāpya'
vihṛtyahaving spent
vihṛtya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-hṛ (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormGerund (ल्यप्), 'having spent (time)/having roamed'
kālamtime
kālam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; object of 'vihṛtya'
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक) (association)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
FormUpasarga-like indeclinable used with instrumental (तृतीया) meaning 'together with'
vānaraiḥwith the monkeys
vānaraiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक) / Karaṇa (करण) (companionship)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (तृतीया/Case 3), Bahuvacana
ciramfor long
ciram:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcira (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
FormKriyāviśeṣaṇa-avyaya (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय) 'for a long time'
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (negation particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormPratiṣedha-nipāta (प्रतिषेध-निपात) negation
mefor me/to me
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (possessor/relational)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī vibhakti (षष्ठी/Case 6) or Dative-like genitive, Ekavacana; enclitic form
astiis
asti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra (लट्/Present), Prathama puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष/3rd), Ekavacana; with 'na' → 'is not'
sugrīva-samīpa-gāleading to Sugriva's presence
sugrīva-samīpa-gā:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier of subject 'gatiḥ')
TypeAdjective
Rootsugrīva + samīpa + gam (गम् धातु) → gā (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-आधारित विशेषण)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa to 'gatiḥ'; gā = 'going to/leading to'
gatiḥway/return
gatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; subject of 'asti'
sutīkṣṇa-daṇḍaḥwith very sharp punishment (severe punisher)
sutīkṣṇa-daṇḍaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu-tīkṣṇa + daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa to 'vānaraḥ'
balavānpowerful
balavān:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootbalavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa to 'vānaraḥ'
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय) conjunction
vānaraḥthe monkey (I, Hanuman)
vānaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara (प्रातिपदik)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate/subject in implied clause (Hanuman speaking of himself as vānara)

'I have spent a long time with vanaras. I have not succeded in my efforts to find Sita. I dare not see Sugriva now without finding Sita and without fulfilling my task. Sugriva will punish me severely. There is no way out.'

S
Sita
S
Sugriva
V
Vanaras

FAQs

Dharma is accountability in service: a messenger must complete the entrusted task truthfully (satya) and effectively, and must accept responsibility for failure rather than offer excuses.

Hanuman fears returning to Sugrīva empty-handed after a long search, anticipating strict consequences for failing the mission.

Sense of duty and responsibility—Hanuman measures himself by results, not by time spent.