Shloka 9

Devanagari script

सहस्रशिरसं विन्ध्यं नानाद्रुमलतायुतम्।नर्मदां च नदीं रम्यां महोरगनिषेविताम्।।4.41.8।।ततो गोदावरीं रम्यां कृष्णवेणीं महानदीम्।वरदां च महाभागां महोरगनिषेविताम्।।4.41.9।।मेखलामुत्कलां चैव दशार्णनगराण्यपि।आश्ववन्तीमवन्तीं च सर्वामेवानुपश्यत।।4.41.10।।

Transliteration

tato godāvarīṃ ramyāṃ kṛṣṇa-veṇīṃ mahā-nadīm | varadāṃ ca mahā-bhāgāṃ mahā-uraga-niṣevitām ||

Translation

Dann sucht den lieblichen Godāvarī, den Kṛṣṇaveṇī und den großen Fluss Mahānadī; ebenso den glückverheißenden Varadā, den mächtige Schlangen aufsuchen.

Word by Word

• विदर्भान्: Vidarbhas (people/region)
• विदर्भान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidarbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ऋषिकान्: Ṛṣikas (people/region)
• ऋषिकान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• एव: also/indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण अव्यय)

• रम्यान्: pleasant/beautiful
• रम्यान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying (देशान् implied) / the listed peoples/regions

• माहिषकान्: Māhiṣakas (people/region)
• माहिषकान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māhiṣaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (समुच्चय/अपि)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• वङ्गान्: Vaṅgas (Bengal region)
• वङ्गान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• कलिङ्गान्: Kaliṅgas
• कलिङ्गान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaliṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• कौशिकान्: Kauśikas (people/region)
• कौशिकान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• समन्ततः: on all sides/everywhere
• समन्ततः: Deśa (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samantatas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• अन्वीक्ष्य: having searched/examined
• अन्वीक्ष्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), avyaya-kṛdanta; ‘having searched/after examining’

• दण्डकारण्यम्: Daṇḍaka forest
• दण्डकारण्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṇḍaka + araṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘forest of Daṇḍaka’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• सपर्वतनदीगुहाम्: with mountains, rivers, and caves
• सपर्वतनदीगुहाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + parvata + nadī + guhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) with prefix sa- ‘together with’; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying दण्डकारण्यम् (as araṇya understood with feminine? often treated as araṇyā/vanabhūmi; here descriptive of the forest-region)

• नदीम्: the river
• नदीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nadī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• गोदावरीम्: Godāvarī
• गोदावरीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: godāvarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); in apposition to नदीम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• एव: also/indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण अव्यय)

• सर्वम्: everything/all (that)
• सर्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण अव्यय)

• अनुपश्यत: you all should observe/survey
• अनुपश्यत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√paś (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• एव: also
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण अव्यय)

• आन्ध्रान्: Āndhras
• आन्ध्रान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āndhra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• पुण्ड्रान्: Puṇḍras
• पुण्ड्रान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṇḍra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• चोलान्: Cōlas
• चोलान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cōla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• पाण्ड्यान्: Pāṇḍyas
• पाण्ड्यान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāṇḍya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• केरलान्: Kēralas
• केरलान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kērala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

Context

'Search for Sita all over Vindhya of a thousand peaks filled with several trees and creepers, and along the river Narmada. Then proceed to Godavari, lovely Krishnaveni, Mahanadi, Varada and Mahabhaga inhabited by terrific serpents.You may search Mekhala, Utkala and Dasarna cities, Asvavanti and Avanti countries also.

Characters & Entities

• Godāvarī
• Varadā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is disciplined effort: the search is not random but systematic—covering specified regions with diligence and attention.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva continues enumerating rivers and zones to be thoroughly examined during the southern search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Methodical diligence—carefully covering assigned areas to fulfill the mission.