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Shloka 15

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

तं चिन्तया दुस्सहया परीतंविसंज्ञमेकं विजने मनस्वी।भ्रातुर्विषादात्परितापदीनःसमीक्ष्य सौमित्रिरुवाच रामम्।।

taṃ cintayā dussahayā parītaṃ

visaṃjñam ekaṃ vijane manasvī |

bhrātur viṣādāt paritāpadīnaḥ

samīkṣya saumitrir uvāca rāmam ||4.30.15||

Als Saumitrī Rāma allein in jener Einöde sah—von unerträglichen Gedanken umringt und ohnmächtig niedergesunken—, da wandte sich der edle Sohn Sumitrās, vom Kummer über des Bruders Gram und Leid bedrängt, an ihn.

tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म; object of samīkṣya)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
cintayāwith anxiety/thought
cintayā:
Karaṇa (करण; means/with)
TypeNoun
Rootcintā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana
dussahayāunbearable
dussahayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdussahā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies cintayā
parītamoverwhelmed/surrounded
parītam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootpari + √i (धातु)
Formkta-participle, Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies tam
visaṃjñamunconscious/senseless
visaṃjñam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक) / vi-saṃjña (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies tam
ekamalone
ekam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies tam
vijanein a lonely place
vijane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvijana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Saptamī (Locative/7th), Ekavacana
manasvīhigh-minded
manasvī:
Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmanasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies saumitriḥ
bhrātuḥof (his) brother
bhrātuḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana
viṣādātfrom grief
viṣādāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī (Ablative/5th), Ekavacana
paritāpa-dīnaḥdistressed with anguish
paritāpa-dīnaḥ:
Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparitāpa + dīna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: ‘dejected due to anguish’
samīkṣyahaving seen/observed
samīkṣya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootsam + √īkṣ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having observed’
saumitriḥSaumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)
saumitriḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsaumitri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
uvācasaid/spoke
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
rāmamto Rāma
rāmam:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान; addressee)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

Observing Rama who had lost his senses, lying alone in unbearable agony, venerable Lakshmana became sad and miserable and spoke to his brother:

R
Rāma
L
Lakṣmaṇa (Saumitrī)
S
Sumitrā (by patronymic implication)

FAQs

Duty of care: dharma includes supporting the vulnerable—Lakṣmaṇa responds to Rāma’s collapse with attentive responsibility rather than judgment.

Lakṣmaṇa finds Rāma unconscious from grief and prepares to counsel him, transitioning from narration to direct admonition.

Protective loyalty (rakṣaṇa + bhakti): Lakṣmaṇa’s immediate concern for Rāma’s wellbeing.