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Shloka 42

वाली–रामसंवादः

Rama’s Justification to Vali on Rājadharma

दुर्लभस्य च धर्मस्य जीवितस्य शुभस्य च।।राजानो वानरश्रेष्ठ प्रदातारो न संशयः।

durlabhasya ca dharmasya jīvitasya śubhasya ca | rājāno vānaraśreṣṭha pradātāro na saṃśayaḥ ||

O Bester der Affen, Könige sind wahrlich die Spender dessen, was schwer zu erlangen ist: Dharma, Leben und segensreiches Wohlergehen; daran besteht kein Zweifel.

दुर्लभस्यof the hard-to-obtain
दुर्लभस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/possessive)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर् + लभ (प्रातिपदिक: दुर्लभ)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive singular, masculine) — 'of the difficult-to-obtain (thing)'
and
:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction) — 'and'
धर्मस्यof righteousness/dharma
धर्मस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive singular, masculine)
जीवितस्यof life
जीवितस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive singular, neuter)
शुभस्यof the auspicious
शुभस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive singular, neuter) — जीवितस्य विशेषणम्
and
:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction) — 'and'
राजानःkings
राजानः:
कर्ता (Agent/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural, masculine) — कर्तृपदम्
वानरश्रेष्ठO best among monkeys
वानरश्रेष्ठ:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootवानर + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिके; समास: वानरश्रेष्ठ)
Formसम्बोधन-प्रथमा एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम् (Vocative singular, masculine) — सम्बोधनम्
प्रदातारःgivers/donors
प्रदातारः:
कर्ता (Agent; predicative nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र + दा (धातु) → प्रदातृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक: तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त)
Formकर्तरि तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त-नाम; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural, masculine) — विधेय/विशेषणरूपेण राजानः इत्यस्य
not/no
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्ययम् (negation particle)
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
कर्ता/भाव (Subject of existential sense)
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, masculine) — 'there is doubt' इत्यर्थे

'O best of monkeys! kings are donors of dharma, life and auspiciousness to people which is difficult to acquire. There is no doubt about it.

R
Rāma
V
Vālī
R
rājā (king)
D
dharma

FAQs

Rajadharma: the king’s role is to uphold order so that people can access dharma, safety of life, and prosperity—goods that are otherwise difficult to secure.

Rāma frames royal authority as protective and dharma-conferring, preparing the ground for why a king-like agent may punish or restrain.

The ideal of the king as guardian and benefactor—authority exercised for public dharma and welfare.