Shloka 53

Devanagari script

सदा सुखमहं मन्ये यं पुरा सह सीतया।मारुतस्स विना सीतां शोकं वर्धयते मम।।।।

Transliteration

sadā sukham ahaṃ manye yaṃ purā saha sītayā | mārutaḥ sa vinā sītāṃ śokaṃ vardhayate mama ||

Translation

Jenen Wind, den ich einst mit Sītā stets für Freude hielt—nun, ohne Sītā, vermehrt er nur meinen Kummer.

Word by Word

• सदा: always
• सदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/कालवाचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb); नित्यं (always)

• सुखम्: happiness
• सुखम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा; एकवचन

• मन्ये: think/consider
• मन्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्; आत्मनेपद; उत्तमपुरुष (1st); एकवचन

• यम्: which/whom
• यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative)

• पुरा: formerly
• पुरा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb); पूर्वकाले (formerly)

• सह: with
• सह: Sahakari (सहकारी/Association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (postposition); तृतीया-योग्य (with)

• सीतया: with Sita
• सीतया: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन

• मारुतः: wind
• मारुतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māruta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• सः: that
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• विना: without
• विना: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vinā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वियोगार्थे; तृतीया-योग्य

• सीताम्: Sita
• सीताम्: Apadana (अपादान/Separation object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• शोकम्: sorrow
• शोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• वर्धयते: increases
• वर्धयते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्; आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी; एकवचन

Context

'The pleasant touch of the wind, which made me happy in the company of Sita intensifies my grief now in her absence.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita
• Wind (Māruta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Constancy of love as a dharmic bond: worldly comforts are secondary; separation reveals the depth of rightful attachment and responsibility toward one’s spouse.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama contrasts past joy with present grief: the same natural breeze changes meaning due to Sita’s absence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Ananya-bhakti (exclusive devotion) and remembrance—Rama’s mind continually returns to Sita.