Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 11, Shloka 25

ऋष्यशृङ्गानयनम् — Bringing Ṛśyaśṛṅga to Ayodhyā

Bālakāṇḍa, Sarga 11

Devanagari script

तत: प्रहृष्टा: पौरास्ते श्रुत्वा राजानमागतम्।तथा प्रचक्रुस्तत्सर्वं राज्ञा यत्प्रेषितं तदा ।।1.11.25।।

Transliteration

tataḥ prahṛṣṭāḥ paurās te śrutvā rājānam āgatam |

tathā pracakrus tat sarvaṁ rājñā yat preṣitaṁ tadā ||1.11.25||

Translation

Da freuten sich die Bürger, als sie hörten, dass der König eingetroffen sei, und führten sogleich alles aus, was der König damals befohlen hatte.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb of sequence

• prahṛṣṭāḥ: overjoyed
• prahṛṣṭāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prahṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; pra-√hṛṣ)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); past participle (क्त) qualifying paurāḥ

• paurāḥ: citizens
• paurāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

• te: those
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); pronoun in apposition to paurāḥ

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), 'having heard'

• rājānam: the king
• rājānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन)

• āgatam: arrived
• āgatam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āgata (प्रातिपदिक; ā-√gam)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); past participle (क्त) qualifying rājānam

• tathā: accordingly
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb: 'accordingly/in that manner'

• pracakruḥ: did/performed
• pracakruḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन)

• sarvam: all
• sarvam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); qualifying tat

• rājñā: by the king
• rājñā: Karaṇa/Agent (करण/कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया) Singular (एकवचन)

• yat: which/that which
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun referring to tat sarvam

• preṣitam: sent/ordered
• preṣitam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: preṣita (प्रातिपदिक; pra-√iṣ)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); past participle (क्त) qualifying yat

• tadā: then
• tadā: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb of time

Context

The people of the city having heard the king's arrival were overjoyed. They dideverything as by the king.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Ayodhyā (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Civic dharma: citizens support righteous governance through timely cooperation and disciplined execution of lawful commands.

What is the narrative situation?

Upon learning of the king’s arrival, the people joyfully implement the city-preparations he had instructed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective virtue of the citizens—obedience, unity, and enthusiasm in serving a dharmic public purpose.