Shloka 10

चित्रकूटवर्णनम् (Description of Chitrakūṭa) / Rama Shows Sita Chitrakuta

Devanagari script

आम्रजम्ब्वसनैर्लोध्रैः प्रियालैः पनसैर्धवैः।अङ्कोलैर्भव्यतिनिशैर्बिल्वतिन्दुक वेणुभिः।।2.94.8।।काश्मर्यरिष्टवरुणैर्मधूकैस्तिलकैस्तथा।बदर्यामलकैर्नीपैर्वेत्रधन्वनबीजकैः।।2.94.9।।पुष्पवद्भिः फलोपेतैश्छायावद्भिर्मनोरमैः।एवमादिभिराकीर्णः श्रियं पुष्यत्ययं गिरिः।।2.94.10।।

Transliteration

āmra-jambv-asanaiḥ lodhraiḥ priyālaiḥ panasair dhavaiḥ | aṅkolair bhavya-tiniśair bilva-tinduka-veṇubhiḥ || 2.94.8 || kāśmary-ariṣṭa-varuṇair madhūkais tilakais tathā | badary-āmalakair nīpair vetra-dhanvana-bījakaiḥ || 2.94.9 || puṣpavadbhiḥ phalopetaiś chāyāvadbhir manoramaiḥ | evam-ādibhir ākīrṇaḥ śriyaṃ puṣyaty ayaṃ giriḥ || 2.94.10 ||

Translation

Erfüllt von solchen Bäumen—blühend, fruchtbeladen, schattenspendend und lieblich—Mango, Jambū, Asana, Lodhra, Priyāla, Jackfrucht, Dhava, Aṅkola, der prächtige Tiniśa, Bilva, Tinduka und Bambus; ferner Kāśmarya, Ariṣṭa, Varuṇa, Madhūka und Tilaka; Badarī, Āmalaka, Nīpa, Rohr, Dhanvana und Bījaka—von alledem umgeben, erstrahlt dieser Berg in wachsender Pracht.

Word by Word

• śaila-prastheṣu: on the mountain-plateaus
• śaila-prastheṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक) + prastha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (śailasya prasthāḥ)

• ramyeṣu: beautiful
• ramyeṣu: Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa (अधिकरण-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; विशेषण (to śaila-prastheṣu)

• paśya: behold
• paśya: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √paś (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपदी; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन

• imān: these
• imān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• roma-harṣaṇān: thrilling; hair-raising
• roma-harṣaṇān: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: roma (प्रातिपदिक) + harṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (romāṇi harṣayanti iti)

• kinnarān: kinnaras
• kinnarān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kinnara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• dvandvaśaḥ: in pairs
• dvandvaśaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dvandvaśas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय—प्रकार/रीति-वाचक (adverb: ‘in pairs’)

• bhadre: O auspicious one
• bhadre: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhadrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• ramamāṇān: sporting; enjoying themselves
• ramamāṇān: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ram (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्तः—शानच् (present middle participle), आत्मनेपदी; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• manasvinaḥ: high-spirited
• manasvinaḥ: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (to kinnarān)

Context

This mountain is spread over with various kinds of flowering trees and trees laden with fruits, shady and enchanting, mango, roseapples, asanas, lodhras, priyalas, jackfruit trees, dhavas, ankolas, lovely tinisas, bilva trees, tinduka and bamboo, kashmaya, arishta and varuna, madhukas, tilaka trees, badari and myrobalan trees, nipa trees, cane, danvas, and promegranate trees, the mountain looks splendid.

Characters & Entities

• Citrakūṭa
• Rāma
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes living in harmony with the natural world: the forest is portrayed as abundant and nurturing, supporting a righteous life of simplicity rather than dependence on royal luxury.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma describes the biodiversity and beauty of Citrakūṭa to Sītā, presenting the forest-home as complete and auspicious for their exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s contentment and appreciative vision—he interprets hardship through gratitude and attentiveness to the good.