Valmiki Ramayana 2.83.10 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 10

अयोध्याकाण्डे त्र्यशीति तमः सर्गः — Bharata’s Departure and Encampment on the Gaṅgā

Śṛṅgīberapura

Devanagari script

इत्येवं कथयन्तस्ते सम्प्रहृष्टाः कथा श्शुभाः।परिष्वजानाश्चान्योन्यं ययुर्नागरिका जनाः।।2.83.10।।

Transliteration

ity evaṃ kathayantas te samprahṛṣṭāḥ kathāḥ śubhāḥ | pariṣvajānāś cānyonyaṃ yayur nāgarikā janāḥ ||

Translation

So redend zogen die Stadtbewohner freudig weiter, erzählten glückverheißende Geschichten von Rama und umarmten einander, während sie voranschritten.

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• evam: in this way
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• kathayantaḥ: speaking, narrating
• kathayantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kath (कथ् धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with nāgarikāḥ janāḥ

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• samprahṛṣṭāḥ: overjoyed
• samprahṛṣṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-pra-hṛṣ (हृष् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural; qualifies te/nāgarikāḥ

• kathāḥ: stories
• kathāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kathā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural; object implied with kathayantaḥ

• śubhāḥ: auspicious, pleasing
• śubhāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural; qualifies kathāḥ

• pariṣvajānāḥ: embracing
• pariṣvajānāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-ṣvaj (ष्वज् धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present middle participle (शानच्), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; 'embracing'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• anyonyam: one another
• anyonyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anyonya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; reciprocal object with pariṣvajānāḥ

• yayuḥ: went
• yayuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (या धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural

• nāgarikāḥ: city-dwelling
• nāgarikāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nāgarika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; qualifies janāḥ

• janāḥ: people
• janāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Context

The inhabitants of the town proceeded joyfully, narrating Rama's delightful achievements on their way by embracing one another.

Characters & Entities

• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is reinforced through communal remembrance: recounting Rama’s virtues becomes a social act that strengthens ethical ideals in public life.

What is the narrative situation?

As Bharata’s movement toward Rama unfolds, the city inhabitants travel together, talking excitedly about Rama’s noble deeds.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not a single hero’s trait, but civic unity—people bond through shared admiration for righteous conduct.